Hog Cholera

Question 1

What virus causes Hog Cholera?

Answer 1

Classical Swine Fever Virus

Question 2

Is classical swine fever virus highly contagious and high in morbidity and mortality?

Answer 2

yes

Question 3

What are 3 mechanisms for CSFV to spread?

Answer 3

1. body fluids, secretions, feces
2. fomites
3. contaminated meat products
4. air transmission

Question 4

What is the survivability of CSFV heavily dependent on?

Answer 4

temperature
- survival time increases under cool, moist, protein rich enviros

Question 5

What are the 3 categories of clinical forms?

Answer 5

1. acute
2. chronic
3. persistent

Question 6

What type of host cells does the acute form overtake?

Answer 6

Immunosuppressive nature
- macrophages, monocytes, lymphocytes, and dendritic cells

Question 7

How does the chronic form of hog cholera develop?

Answer 7

• when infected pigs fail to generate appropriate immune responses for viral clearance
• shed high amounts of virus, eventually succumb to the disease

Question 8

How is CSFV transmitted verically?

Answer 8

• occurs when piglets become infected during pregnancy due to virus crossing placenta
• can let to absorption, abortion, or still birth
• if fetus is infected btw 50-70 days they will appear healthy and survive for 6-12 months while shedding high viral loads

Question 9

Why is hemorrhaging observed in a positive hog cholera pig?

Answer 9

• movement of erythrocytes into tissues

Question 10

Is CSF zoonotic?

Answer 10

no

Question 11

What governing bodies are involved during outbreaks?

Answer 11

1. World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH)
   - evaluates the most recent scientific data on CSF control
2. Canadian Food Inspection Agency
   - all cases must be reported to them
3. Chief Provincial Veterinarian

Question 12

Is there an effective treatment or cure for Hog Cholera?

Answer 12

no

Question 13

Is Hog Cholera a List A or List B disease?

Answer 13

List A
- requires mandatory reporting and timely intervention

Question 14

Why is Hog Cholera a List A disease?

Answer 14

• highly contagious, severe morbidity and mortality
• significant economic impact
• no treatment or cure

Question 15

Are there vaccines available to prevent CSFV?

Answer 15

1. live attenuated vaccine
2. live attenuated DIVA vaccine
3. E2 subunit vaccine

Question 16

What countries will use vaccinations?

Answer 16

CSF endemic countries
- in conjunction with mass culling of infected swine

Question 17

What countries will utilize stamping out?

Answer 17

CSF-free countries
- kill infected and close-contacts

Question 18

Will a CSF-free country trade with a country that has vaccinated their hogs?

Answer 18

No; isn’t a difference btw infected and vaccinated animal

Question 19

What is the major way that spread of CSF is controlled?

Answer 19

large-scale culling and trade restrictions