HM case study

Question 1

how old was HM when he contracted epilepsy

Answer 1

7

Question 2

how

Answer 2

fell of his bike

Question 3

who was the brain surgeon

Answer 3

william scoville

Question 4

what was removed from henrys brain

Answer 4

temporal lobe including parts of the hippocampus and amygdala

Question 5

what was HM’s case of amnesia called

Answer 5

severe anterograde amnesia

Question 6

what was HM unable to do

Answer 6

form new memories

Question 6

when did she publish her findings

Answer 6

1957 carried on testing 1962-1972

Question 7

who was HM’s first resercher

Answer 7

brenda milner

Question 8

when was HM’s surgery and how old was he

Answer 8

1953 and 27

Question 9

what did she demonstrate

Answer 9

the exsistance of procedural memory

Question 10

when did HM die and what happened to his brain

Answer 10

2008 age 82, brain removed and scanned sliced into 2401 pieces

Question 11

what was the aim of the case study

Answer 11

To investigate the extent and nature of HMS memory defects and how they related to his brain damage.
Also to investigate the structure of memory Revealed in HM’s behaviour and understand the functions of the brain structures like the Hippocampus.

Question 12

what were milners early tests based on

Answer 12

Simple recall tasks testing HM ‘s ability to recall events from his childhood and from his adult life before the operation and after

Short term and long term memory recall

IQ Personality and general knowledge

Question 13

what later tasks did milner test

Answer 13

Maze tasks to trace the correct route through the maze with his finger. To see if HM would remember the route even if he didn’t remember having attempted the task.

Copying a 5 pointed star by drawing between the lines of a template through the reflection of a mirror and a reattempting the test many times to see if he became more skilled

Question 14

other tests

Answer 14

Effect of reinforcement and punishment to see if mild electric shocks would help HM remember the correct answers

Question 15

suzanne corkin

Answer 15

Used brain scanning technology to improve understanding of HM’s condition

Question 16

Results of simple recall tasks

Answer 16

Remembered a lot of information before his 16th birthday he could Vaguely recall personal events like his father’s death which he was dimly aware of although he was unable to describe his work place but he could draw a detailed floor plan of his house

Question 17

Results from his I Q and personality

Answer 17

His IQ got better after his surgery and his personality was normal except from his ability to Identify smell which was poor

Question 18

Results of recall of public events after the operation

Answer 18

He identified the president on a half dollar and recognised that he had been assassinated

Question 19

Results from the maze test

Answer 19

Over 252 attempts hm never showed any improvement in the maze task

Question 20

results in the star tracing task

Answer 20

He started with 30 errors dropping to 20 and 10 by his 7th trial overall he got better.

Question 21

Conclusion about the Hippocampus

Answer 21

Plays a vital role in transforming short term memories into long term memories as this was something that hm couldn’t do

Question 22

What was the reason for H M ‘s poor ability to Identify smell

Answer 22

the Olfactory bulb which processes smell is close to the hippocampus

Question 23

what’s the reason for HM ‘s poor response to pain and confusion over hunger and tiredness

Answer 23

Damage in his amygdala

Question 24

Why didn’t HM improve in the maze task

Answer 24

When he figured out the correct route through the maze he immediately forgot it

Question 25

Why was HM able to do better in the star test

Answer 25

he remembered the skills even if he forgot the events

Question 26

What describes HM ‘s knowledge of public events

Answer 26

Milner timmed this sort of memory unconscious memory although later eron tulving Termed the general knowledge memory as semantic memory and the remembrance of skills procedural memory

Question 27

what type of amnesia did hm have that made his results potentially generalisable

Answer 27

clean amnesia