HIV/AIDS Flashcards
what does HIV stand for
human immune deficiency virus
whats does AIDS stand for
acquired immune deficiency syndrome
what body fluids is HIV transmitted in
blood
semen
vaginal secretions
amniotic fluid
breast milk
what is parenteral
iv
drug use
what is perinatal
mother to baby
what cells does HIV “hijack”
helper/induced t-cells
what is a retrovirus
type of virus that inserts a DNA copy of its RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell that it invades, thus changing the genome of that cell
what is reverse transcriptase
an enzyme used to generate complementary DNA from an RNA template, a process termed reverse transcription
what is the patho of HIV
enters blood stream and hijacks CD4 cells
inserts HIV DNA into host DNA
uses host’s machinery to continue replicating the HIV particles
as viral load increases, CD4 count decreases
what is the normal cd4 count
800-1000 cells/mm3
how do we diagnose AIDS
HIV positive
cd4 count <200 cells/mm3
or an opportunistic infection
what is stage 1 HIV
onset of acute infection
cd4 count > 500 cells/mm3
what is stage 2 HIV
chronic stage
CD4 count btwn 200-499 cells/mm3
can last 8-10 yrs
what is stage 3 HIV
AIDS
CD4 count <200 cells/mm3 or presence of AIDS defining illness
what are some opportunistic infections
pneumocystis pneumonia
mycobacterium TB
candidiasis
kaposi sarcoma
AIDS-related lymphomas
