Cancer Management Flashcards
normal wbc
5000-10000
normal absolute neutrophil count (ANC)
<1500/mm3…..risk for infection rises
<500/mm3……severe risk for infection
normal hgb for males and females
f: 12-16
m: 14-18
normal platelets
150,000-400,000
what is considered thrombocytopenia
<100,000
<50,000=risk of bleeding
<10,000=risk of spontaneous bleeding
what can radiation cause
altered skin integrity: alopeca, radiodermatitis, stomatits/mucositis
fatigue, malaise, anorexia
what toxic effects does chemo have on the gi system
nausea
vomiting
stomatitis
mucositis
what toxic effects does chemo have on hematopoietic system
myelosuppression (RBCs, platlets, neutrophils) at nadir (lowest point of counts post chemo) of treatment
kills off stem cells
what toxic effect does chemo have on renal system
acute kidney injury
what toxic effect does chemo have on cardiopulmonary system
cardiac and pulmonary toxicity
what toxic effect does chemo have on reproductive system
infertility
what toxic effects does chemo have on neurologic system
chemo induced neurotoxicity
neuropathy
what is neutropenia
abnormally low ANC
what lab results to look at for prevent bleeding
platelets
INR/PT/PTT
how to minimize risk of bleeding
soft toothbrush
electric razor
stool softner
increase fiber
avoid NSAIDs
avoid rectal temp, suppositories, enemas, IM injections, bladder caths
caution against forceful nose blowing
supervise activity out of bed
how to maintain tissue integrity to avoid radiodermatitis
avoid harsh soaps, perfumes, and lotions
use lukewarm water and avoid rubbing/scratching
avoid applying hot water bottles, heating pads, ice and adhesive tape to impacted areas
avoid direct sunlight or cold
avoid tight fitting clothes
how to maintain tissue integrity to avoid stomatitis
asses oral cavity
avoid irritants-mouthwash, alc bevs, tobacco, irritating foods
use soft toothbrush and gently floss
consider ice chips during therapy
ensure cleaning of dentures and only wear during meals
what are the 3 main factors that influence body’s requirement for protein
tissue growth needs
quality of dietary protein
added needs d/t illness
what are the protein reccmondations
1-2.5 g/kg per day
