Cancer Management

Question 1

normal wbc

Answer 1

5000-10000

Question 2

normal absolute neutrophil count (ANC)

Answer 2

<1500/mm3…..risk for infection rises
<500/mm3……severe risk for infection

Question 3

normal hgb for males and females

Answer 3

f: 12-16
m: 14-18

Question 4

normal platelets

Answer 4

150,000-400,000

Question 5

what is considered thrombocytopenia

Answer 5

<100,000
<50,000=risk of bleeding
<10,000=risk of spontaneous bleeding

Question 6

what can radiation cause

Answer 6

altered skin integrity: alopeca, radiodermatitis, stomatits/mucositis
fatigue, malaise, anorexia

Question 7

what toxic effects does chemo have on the gi system

Answer 7

nausea
vomiting
stomatitis
mucositis

Question 8

what toxic effects does chemo have on hematopoietic system

Answer 8

myelosuppression (RBCs, platlets, neutrophils) at nadir (lowest point of counts post chemo) of treatment
kills off stem cells

Question 9

what toxic effect does chemo have on renal system

Answer 9

acute kidney injury

Question 10

what toxic effect does chemo have on cardiopulmonary system

Answer 10

cardiac and pulmonary toxicity

Question 11

what toxic effect does chemo have on reproductive system

Answer 11

infertility

Question 12

what toxic effects does chemo have on neurologic system

Answer 12

chemo induced neurotoxicity
neuropathy

Question 13

what is neutropenia

Answer 13

abnormally low ANC

Question 14

what lab results to look at for prevent bleeding

Answer 14

platelets
INR/PT/PTT

Question 15

how to minimize risk of bleeding

Answer 15

soft toothbrush
electric razor
stool softner
increase fiber
avoid NSAIDs
avoid rectal temp, suppositories, enemas, IM injections, bladder caths
caution against forceful nose blowing
supervise activity out of bed

Question 16

how to maintain tissue integrity to avoid radiodermatitis

Answer 16

avoid harsh soaps, perfumes, and lotions
use lukewarm water and avoid rubbing/scratching
avoid applying hot water bottles, heating pads, ice and adhesive tape to impacted areas
avoid direct sunlight or cold
avoid tight fitting clothes

Question 17

how to maintain tissue integrity to avoid stomatitis

Answer 17

asses oral cavity
avoid irritants-mouthwash, alc bevs, tobacco, irritating foods
use soft toothbrush and gently floss
consider ice chips during therapy
ensure cleaning of dentures and only wear during meals

Question 18

what are the 3 main factors that influence body’s requirement for protein

Answer 18

tissue growth needs
quality of dietary protein
added needs d/t illness

Question 19

what are the protein reccmondations

Answer 19

1-2.5 g/kg per day