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NUR 140 > Hepatitis > Flashcards

Hepatitis Flashcards

1
Q

what is hepatitis

A

a systemic viral infection characterized by necrosis and inflammation of liver cells

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2
Q

what is phase 1 of hepatitis

A

viral replication phase

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3
Q

what is phase 2 of hepatitis

A

pre-icteric/prodromal phase: Gi symptoms, fatigue, itching

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4
Q

what is phase 3 of hepatitis

A

icteric phase: jaundice, bilirubin is reabsorbed (not excreted), dark urine, clay colored stools, abd pain, enlarged liver

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5
Q

what is phase 4 of hepatitis

A

convalescent phase: healing

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6
Q

s&s of hepatitis

A

ruq abd pain d/t enlarged liver
arthralgia or myalgia
diarrhea/constiption
jaundice (yellow sclera (icterus), light clay-colored stools, dark yellow/brownish urine)
fever
fatigue
malaise
anorexia
dry skin and puritis (bile salts)

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7
Q

what liver enzymes are elevated with hepatitis

A

ALT
AST
alkaline phosphate
bilirubin

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8
Q

what antibodies are present for hepatitis

A

hep a: anti-HAV
hep c: anti-HCV
hep d: anti-HDV
hep e: anti-HEV

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9
Q

what surface antigens are present with hepatitis

A

hep a: HAV antigen in stool
hep b: HBsAg

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10
Q

what is the transmission of hep a

A

fecal-oral route

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11
Q

what are some characteristics of hep a

A

mild infection
not chronic
not life threatening
lasts 4-8 wks

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12
Q

how to prevent hep a

A

vaccination
handwashing
avoid contaminated food/water
proper control of sewage disposal
receive immunoglobulin w/in 14 days of exposure

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13
Q

how is hep b transmitted

A

sexual contact
blood-borne
maternal-neonatal

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14
Q

who is at risk for transmission and chronic level of hep b

A

immunocompromised

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15
Q

what do we co check for when we test for hep b

A

hep c

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16
Q

how to prevent hep b

A

vaccination
hep b immunoglobulin
avoid high risk behaviors
standard precautions
barrier precautions

17
Q

how is hep c transmitted

A

blood to blood
sexual

18
Q

is hep c acute or chronic

A

chronic

19
Q

how to prevent hep c

A

standard precautions
safe-needle practices
avoid drug use
use barrier precautions

20
Q

how is hep d transmitted

A

parenteral
sexual

21
Q

when does hep d occur

A

with concurrent hep b infection only

22
Q

what can happen with hep d

A

acute hepatic failure and progress to chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis

23
Q

how to prevent hep b

A

vaccine

24
Q

is there a vaccine for hep c

A

no

25
Q

how is hep e transmitted

A

fecal-oral route

26
Q

what are some characteristics of hep e

A

mild infection
not life threatening
not chronic

27
Q

how to prevent hep e

A

avoid contaminated food or water
hand hygeine

28
Q

what nutrition teaching points for hepatitis

A

high carb and cal
low protein
small frequent meals
avoid alc
avoid tylenol

29
Q

what are some teaching points for hepatitis

A

manage fatigue
prevent transmission
avoid otc meds/herbal supplements
encourage anti-viral meds

NUR 140 (16 decks)

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