HIV

Question 1

management of HIV

Answer 1

antiretroviral therapy
usual starting regime: two NRTIs (tenofovir plus emtricitabine) plus third agent (bictegravir)

Question 2

management of all HIV patients with CD4 count under 200

Answer 2

prophylactic co-trimaoxazole to protect against pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

Question 3

what type of herpes causes kaposi’s sarcoma

Answer 3

HHV-8

Question 4

presentation of kaposi’s sarcoma

Answer 4

purple papules or plaques on the skin or mucosa
skin lesions may ulcerate
haemoptysis and pleural effusions

Question 5

management of kaposi’s sarcoma

Answer 5

radiotherapy + resection

Question 6

toxoplasmosis presentation

Answer 6

50% of cerebral lesions in patients with HIV
headache, confusion and drowsiness
CT usually single or multiple ring enhancing lesions

Question 7

management of toxoplasmosis

Answer 7

sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine

Question 8

presentation of HIV primary CNS lymphoma

Answer 8

associated with EBV
CT: single or multiple homogenous enhancing lesions

Question 9

management of primary CNS lymphoma

Answer 9

steroids
chemotherapy (methotrexate)
surgery
whole brain irradiation

Question 10

management of oesophageal candidiasis in HIV patients

Answer 10

fluconazole and itraconazole

Question 11

HIV seroconversion features

Answer 11

sore throat
lymphadenopathy
malaise, myalgia and arthralgia
diarrhoea
maculopapular rash
mouth ulcers
rarely meningoencephalitis

Question 12

cervical screening in patients with HIV

Answer 12

annual cervical cytology