History, Topic 1 Elizabethan Flashcards
When was Elizabeth crowned?
15 January 1559
What religion was Henry VIII?
Catholic until 1534 when he became Protestant and head of the English Church
What religion was Edward VI?
Protestant
What religion was Mary I?
Catholic
What problems did Henry VIII cause for Elizabeth?
Started the religious conflict, fought expensive wars with france,spain and scotland and there were increasing levels of poverty and unemployment
What problems did Edward VI cause for Elizabeth?
Increased tensions between Catholics and Protestants as his advisors made England more protestant.
What problems did Mary cause for Elizabeth?
Burned a lot of Protestants which deepened the divide, wars disrupted trading, raised taxes, wars with France and Scotland and was a woman.
What was the name of the rebellion in Autumn 1553?
The Wyatt Rebellion
How did Thomas Wyatt start the rebellion?
Wyatt heard about the Catholic marriage between King Philip II of Spain and Mary I from Edward Courtenay and didn’t like the idea of Spanish rule, so he agreed to lead the rebellion.
How did the Wyatt Rebellion fail?
They attacked London but were trapped by barricades. Thomas Wyatt was imprisoned in the Tower of London.
How did Thomas Wyatt die?
He was tortured by John Bourne but didn’t confess so he was beheaded on the 11th of April 1554
Why was Elizabeth imprisoned?
They believed she caused the rebellion
Who saved Elizabeth from execution?
King Philip II of Spain because he realised his influence over Mary would be blamed for it.
What were Royal Progresses?
Elizabeth and her court would travel around the south of London and stay in Nobles’ houses where they would have large feasts.
What benefits did the progresses have to Elizabeth?
She could check on the loyalty of her nobles and be seen by the population.
How did Elizabeth check the loyalty of her nobles?
Loyal nobles would give her gifts and own a painting of her.
Who was William Cecil, Lord Burghley?
A member of the gentry, secretary of state, lord treasurer and Elizabeth’s most trusted advisor.
What did William Cecil do?
Managed parliament meetings, ran government finances, brought the country together and avoided war
Who was Sir Christopher Hatton?
A member of the gentry and captain of the Queen’s parliament.
What did Christopher Hatton do?
Was responsible for organising the Queen’s Royal Progresses, controlled MPs and passed laws.
Who were the two moderate protestants of Elizabeth’s key advisers?
William Cecil and Sir Christopher Hatton
Who was Sir Francis Walsingham?
A member of the gentry and secretary of state.
What did Francis Walsingham do?
He was in charge of a network of spies and informers all over Europe loyal to Elizabeth.
Who is Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester?
A member of the nobility, Master of the Horse (Queen’s main protector), Army commander and Elizabeth’s childhood friend.
What did Robert Dudley do?
He fought Spanish forces in the Netherlands and put in charge of land forces when the Spanish Armada invaded England.
Who were the two puritans, who wanted strict laws to stop Catholics, of Elizabeth’s key advisers?
Sir Francis Walsingham and Robert Dudley
Who was not afraid to disagree with the Queen?
Francis Walsingham and William Cecil
What were the 7 P’s of the Privy Council
People Management, Policy, Pathway to the Queen, Problem-Solving, Propaganda, Protection and Parliament
