History Test study guide (standard 5) Flashcards
What type of action would Martin Luther King Jr. use if he wanted to oppose a political or business policy?
Peaceful protesting (sit-ins, jail time), boycotts, and campaigns
Did the abolitionist movement, women’s suffrage movement, and the 1960s civil rights movement develop significant popular support?
Yes
What was the major goal of the civil rights movement of the 1960s?
End segregation based on race
What did the Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education do?
Declared that separating children in public schools on the basis of race was unconstitutional; required integration of public schools
What two types of discrimination was the Civil Rights Act of 1964 trying to correct?
Segregation based on race and segregation based on gender
What were the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Fair Housing Act, and the Americans with Disabilities Act trying to end?
Discrimination for various groups of people
Did Lyndon B. Johnson have a lot on his plate as president?
Yes (Civil Rights Act, Great Society, and Vietnam)
What were some of the initiatives of Johnson’s Great Society program?
Medical care for the poor and elderly, headstart program, and VISTA (domestic version of peace core created by JFK)
What was Johnson’s major goal of his Great Society program?
End poverty in the U.S.
What country originally controlled Vietnam and why did we stay after they left?
France, we wanted to stop the spread of communism
What event occurred that started the bombing of North Vietnam by the U.S.?
Two U.S. destroyers stationed in the Gulf of Tonkin said that they had been fired upon by North Vietnamese forces
What were some of the reasons the American public opposed the Vietnam War?
The draft was unfair, poor motivation, and drug use
What event occurred that created anti-war protests at Kent State University in Ohio?
Nixon chose to invade Cambodia
What did the War Powers Act do?
Required the president notified Congress within 48 hours to use military force
When Ronald Reagan was president what two things did federal spending increase for?
Defense and military
How would you describe American society during the 1960s and early 1970s?
It was a period of unrest that led to division, which then caused social transformation.
What does the term “Reaganomics” refer to?
Regan’s economic policies that reduced taxes on individuals and businesses, as well as cutting federal regulations and domestic social programs
Which president viewed the USSR as an “evil empire”?
Reagan
What landmark could be a symbol of communism and the iron curtain?
Berlin Wall
What two issues might critics have problems with from Reagan’s presidency?
Nations debt and the Iran-contra affair
What is Nixon forever going to be remembered as?
The only president to ever be forced to resign because of his involvement in the Watergate scandal
Would a conservative like George Bush generally believe in tax cuts for the wealthy?
Yes
What military event did President George H.W. Bush gain great popularity for?
Victory of the Persian Gulf War
What is the difference between national debt versus national budget?
The national debt refers to the total amount the government has borrowed over time (overall amount of money U.S. owes) and the national budget contains estimates of federal government income/spending for the upcoming year
Did signing the welfare reform bill and battling the budget help Clinton gain popularity as president?
Yes, it helped him get re-elected
How does globalization impact the U.S. economy?
It decreases the cost of manufacturing and makes products cheaper
What was Operation Enduring Freedom designed to do?
Build and maintain pressure inside Afghanistan, with the objective of the destruction of al Queda and the government of the Taliban
What problems does increased immigration create in politics?
Controversy over immigration in legislation
What are the motivations behind U.S. involvement in supporting Israel in the Middle East?
Protect them from terrorism (one of the only democracies in the region), economic relations, and one of the few allies we have in the area
