History and methods part 2

Question 1

Generalizability

Answer 1

are the findings applicable across populations and contexts?

Question 2

Ecological validity?

Answer 2

are the findings relevant to real world behaviour?

Question 3

Experimental control?

Answer 3

can cause and effect be establshed?

Question 4

Observer effect?

Answer 4

is the persence of the reasecher affecting the behaviour of the participant?

Question 5

observer bias?

Answer 5

is the researcher acting as a neutral observer

Question 6

Naturalistic observation:

what is this?

Answer 6

observing participants in real life setting without manipulation by the researcher

Question 7

Naturalistic observation:

strengths?

Answer 7

high ecological validity

Question 8

Naturalistic observation:

weaknesses?

Answer 8

no eperimental control

potential for an observer effect and/or observer bias

rarely used

Question 9

Case studies?

Answer 9

detailed analysis of one, or a small group of participants often patients

Question 10

Case studies?

strengths?

Answer 10

highly detailed analysis of rare conditions

Question 11

Case studies?

weaknesses

Answer 11

observations can be subjective and biased

hard to generalize to the population

occasionally used

Question 12

Correlational studies

Answer 12

measure multiple variables and analyze them forrelationships

Question 13

Correlational studies

strengths?

Answer 13

can look at variables that can’t be manipulated

good ecological validity

Question 14

Correlational studies

weaknesses

Answer 14

no experimental control

Question 15

Self report?

Answer 15

patrticipants repor on themselves using tools such as surveys interviews and verbal reports

Question 16

Self report

strengths?

Answer 16

large samples generalize well to the population

can look at caribles that can’t be manipulated

Question 17

self report

weaknesses?

Answer 17

no experimental control

potential for observer bias and social desirablility bias can distort findings

Question 18

Controlled lab experiments

Answer 18

carfully controlled tasks with independent and dependent variables such as RT accuracy and eye movement

Question 19

Controlled lab experiments

strengths

Answer 19

experimental controls

Question 20

Controlled lab experiments

weaknesses?

Answer 20

poor ecological validity

can be hard to feneralize to the population

observer effects

frequently used in congnitive psychology

Question 21

What do computational models provide?

Answer 21

quantitative specifications of theories

allows us to make specific predicitions

allows us to test non- intuitive ideas

helps us understand our assumptions and realize what we are overlooking

Question 22

Coputational models are to psychology what math is to what?

Answer 22

physics

Question 23

types of computational models?

Answer 23

math

symbolic

connectionist

reinforcement learning

biological

dynamical systems

Bayesian

Question 24

Complutational models allow what?

Answer 24

us to explore ideas about the nature of cognition