Histopathology - Fundamentals Flashcards
1
Q
When are neutrophils present?
A
Acute inflammation
2
Q
When are macrophages present?
A
- Late acute inflammation
- Chronic inflammation (inc. granulomas e.g. sarcoidosis)
3
Q
When are lymphocytes present?
A
- Chronic inflammation
- Lymphoma (sheets of clonal cells)
4
Q
When are plasma cells present?
A
- Acute + chronic inflammatino
- Myeloma
5
Q
When are eosinophils present?
A
- Allergic reactions
- Parasitic infections
- Tumours (e.g. Hodgkin’s disease)
6
Q
When are mast cells present?
A
Allergic reactions
7
Q
What are some histological features of squamous cell carcinomas?
A
- Keratin production
- Intracellular bridges
- Do not form glands
8
Q
Where is squamous cell carcinoma found?
A
- Skin
- Head + neck
- Oesophagus (upper + middle 1/3)
- Anus
- Cervix
- Vagina
9
Q
What are some histological features of adenocarcinomas?
A
- From glandular epithelium
- Forms glands that can secrete substances
10
Q
Where are adenocarcinomas found?
A
- Lung
- Breast
- Stomach
- Colon
- Pancreas
11
Q
What are some features of a transitional cell?
A
- Epithelium can stretch
12
Q
Where are transitional cells found?
A
- Urinary tract
- Kidney
- Ureters
- Bladder
13
Q
What is a carcinoma?
A
A malignancy of epithelial cells
14
Q
What is a histochemical stain?
A
Based on a chemical reaction between the stain and the tissue
15
Q
What is a FONTANA stain used for?
A
Melanin (+ve)
