HISTOLOGY of the Respiratory Tract Flashcards
LAYERS of the TRACHEA & MAIN BRONCHI around the LUMEN:
- MUCOSA
- SUBMUCOSA
- ADVENTITIA
MUCOSA layer has 2 components:
EPITHELIUM & LAMINA PROPRIA
Type of EPITHELIUM in RESPIRATORY TRACT (MUCOSA)
PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR
- CILIATED
what is INTERSPERSED in the PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM
GOBLET CELLS - Mucous
BASAL CELLS - possible STEM cells for replacement of lost cells
what does the LAMINA PROPRIA of the MUCOSA LAYER consist of
- many LYMPHOCYTES
(INFLAMMATORY cells)
supported by a meshwork of
ELASTIC FIBRES & RETICULAR (COLLAGEN) FIBRES
& Blood Vessels
SUBMUCOSA LAYER consists of:
LOOS CONNECTIVE TISSUE
contains
- SEROUS GLANDS
- MUCOUS GLANDS
(ducts empty into lumen)
what do SEROUS GLANDS (SUBMUCOSA layer) SECRETE
WATERY PROTEINACEOUS Product
(consisting of protein)
SEROUS GLANDS (SUBMUCOSA layer)
- how are the NUCLEI
- where is SECRETION from
- ROUNDED NUCLEI at the BASE of the cells
- SECRETION at the APEX of the cell
how are the CELLS (nuclei) of the MUCOUS GLANDS (SUBMUCOSA layer)
have FLATTENED NUCLEI
- due to HEAVIER MUCUS in the LUMEN
what is the MOST PROMINENT tissue layer
ADVENTITIA
what does the ADVENTITIA LAYER Consist of
DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
HYALINE CARTILAGE (C-shaped rings in trachea and plates in bronchi)
SMOOTH MUSCLE fills gaps between cartilage
what make the TRACHEA a RIGID structure
CARTILAGE and MUSCLE
what TYPE of CARTILAGE is the C-RINGS and PLATES in trachea and bronchi (ADVENTITIA layer)
HYALINE CARTILAGE
the MATRIX of the CARTILAGE STAINS what colour
PURPLE
CARTILAGE CHONDROCYTES sit in..
spaces called LACUNAE
what is the CARTILAGE SURROUNDED by
PERICHONDRIUM
(band of CONNECTIVE TISSUE)
how are the EPITHELIAL CELLS in ALVEOLI
- form a VERY THIN DIFFUSUION BARRIER
- cells CONNECTED by TIGHT JUNCTIONS
- some cells (type 2 pneumocytes) secrete SURFACTANT
which DECREASES SURFACE TENSION and prevents Alveoli COLLAPSING
