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anatomy exam iii > Histology of Cartilage > Flashcards

Histology of Cartilage Flashcards

1
Q

What is mesenchyme?

A

embryonic stem cells giving rise to many other tissue types

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2
Q

Why is the role of mesenchyme in cartilage formation?

A

it gives rise to all adult CT, specifically producing chondroblasts

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3
Q

3 main components of cartilage

A
  1. cells
  2. ECM
  3. Perichondrium
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4
Q

Cell types in cartilage

A
  1. chondroblasts

2. chondrocytes

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5
Q

Chondroblasts

A

secrete ECM, come from mesenchymal stem cells

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6
Q

Chondrocytes

A

maintain/produce ECM, come from chondroblasts, reside in lacunae

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7
Q

What percent of cartilage is formed by ECM?

A

95%+

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8
Q

Perichondrium

A

DCT capsule, covers some cartilages, contains BVs, nerves, fibroblasts, type I collagen, essential for growth/maintenance of some cartilage

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9
Q

Mechanisms of cartilage growth

A
  1. Appositional growth

2. Interstitial growth

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10
Q

Appositional growth

A

addition to an existing surface, generation of new chondroblasts

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11
Q

Interstitial growth

A

internal expansion, proliferation of chondrocytes and formation of isogenous groups

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12
Q

3 types of cartilage

A
  1. Hyaline cartilage
  2. Elastic Cartilage
  3. Fibrocartilage
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13
Q

ECM component of Hyaline cartilage

A

75% water (allows for diffusion), proteoglycans, hyaluronic acid, type II collagen

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14
Q

Location of Hyaline cartilage

A

articular surfaces, nose, larynx, tracheal rings, epiphyseal plates, fetal bone models

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15
Q

Appearance of Hyaline cartilage

A

fresh: blue/white
histo: basophilic matrix, indistinguishable collagen fibers with H+E stain

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16
Q

Territorial matrix

A

area directly surrounding isogenous groups, darker

17
Q

Interterritorial matrix

A

space between territorial matrix, lighter

18
Q

ECM component of Elastic cartilage

A

same as Hyaline, plus elastic fibers (more bendy than Hyaline)

19
Q

Location of Elastic cartilage

A

auricle, auditory canal, auditory tube, epiglottis

20
Q

Perichondrium of Hyaline cartilage

A

present

21
Q

Perichondrium of Elastic cartilage

A

present

22
Q

Appearance of Elastic cartilage

A

fresh: yellowish
histo: prominent elastic fibers with special stain

23
Q

ECM component of Fibrocartilage

A

type I collagen (like DCT), less proteoglycans than other cartilage (vvery very strong)

24
Q

Location of Fibrocartilage

A

intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, major tendon-bone anchorages (areas that undergo pulling forces)

25
Q

Perichondrium of Fibrocartilage

A

absent

26
Q

Appearance of Fibrocartilage

A

looks like cross between DCT and hyaline cartilage, chondrocytes arranged in long rows separated by coarse collagen fibers, acidophilic matrix

anatomy exam iii (12 decks)

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