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Anatomy Exam III > Axilla and Brachial Plexus > Flashcards

Axilla and Brachial Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

boundaries of axilla

A

ant: pec major and minor
post: lat dorsi, teres minor, subscapularis
med: serratus anterior
lat: intertubercular sulcus of humerus
base: skin and fascia of armpit

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2
Q

what is the dermatome innervation of the axilla?

A

T2

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3
Q

contents of the axilla

A

fat and CT, axillary v and lymphatics (outside sheath), cutaneous nn, axillary sheath (axiallary a and brachial plexus)

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4
Q

what are the three layers contributing to thick axillary fascia?

A

axillary, pectoral, and skin

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5
Q

5 lymphatic areas of axialla

A
  1. pectoral
  2. subscapular
  3. humeral
  4. central
  5. apical
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6
Q

what do the pectoral lymph nodes drain?

A

ant thoracic wall and most of breast

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7
Q

what do the subscapular lymph nodes drain?

A

post thoracic wall and scapular region

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8
Q

what do the humeral lymph nodes drain?

A

UL except for portion along cephalic v

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9
Q

what do the central lymph nodes drain?

A

from pectoral, subscapular, and humeral, to apical

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10
Q

what do the apical lymph nodes drain?

A

all lymph nodes and proximal cephalic v nodes

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11
Q

axillary sheath location and contents

A

located down medial aspect of arm

contents: axillary a, nn, vv. lymphatics

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12
Q

pt 1-2 of axillary a

A

lateral border of 1st rib

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13
Q

pt 2-3 of axillary a

A

inf border of pec minor

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14
Q

brs from pt 1 of axillary a

A

superior thoracic a

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15
Q

brs from pt 2 of axillary a

A
  1. thoracoacromial a

2. lateral thoracic a

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16
Q

brs from pt 3 of axillary a

A
  1. subscapular a
  2. anterior circumflex humeral a
  3. posterior circulflex humeral a
17
Q

nerve composition of brachial plexus

A

ventral rami C5-T1

18
Q

what does the brachial plexus innervate?

A

nn for all UL mm except trapezius mm

19
Q

structure of brachial plexus

A 
rami (5): emerge in upper neck
trunks (3): form in lower neck
divisions (6): split off behind clavicle
cords (3): form in axillary region
branches (5): split off in upper arm
20
Q

trunks of brachial plexus

A
  1. upper (C5-C6)
  2. middle (C7)
  3. lower (C8-T1)

each divides into anterior and posterior divisions

21
Q

cords of brachial plexus

A
  1. lateral: ant from upper and middle tr (C5-C7)
  2. posterior: all post (C5-T1)
  3. medial: ant from lower (C8-T1)
22
Q

branches of brachial plexus

A
  1. musculocutaneous n: from lat cord (C5-C7)
  2. medial n: from lat and med cords (C5-T1)
  3. axillary n: from post cord (C5-C6)
  4. radial n: from post cord (C5-T1)
  5. ulnar: from med cord (C8-T1)
23
Q

musculocutaneous n

A

passes through coracobrachialis m
enters biceps and brachialis mm
innervates coracobrachialis, biceps, 1/2 brachialis

24
Q

median n

A

passes medial to arm mm
“major n” of ant forearm
innervates most of anterior forearm, 3 thenar mm

25
Q

ulnar n

A

runs behind medial epicondyle
major n of hand
innervates most of hand, FCU m, ulnar FDP m

26
Q

axillary n

A

circles behind humerus in quadrangular space

innervates deltoid and teres minor m

27
Q

radial n

A

passes posterior to humerus in radial groove and in triangular interval
major n of posterior arm and forearm
innervates all mm in both regions and 1/2 brachialis mm

28
Q

upper plexus nn

A
  1. dorsal scapular n: C5, rhomboid and levator scapulae
  2. long thoracic n: C5-C7, serratus ant m
  3. suprascapular n: C5-C6, supra/infra spinatus
29
Q

pectoral nn

A
  1. lateral pec n: C5-C7, pec major m

2. medial pec n: C8-T1, pec minor and major

30
Q

lower plexus nn

A
  1. upper subscapular: C5-C6, subscapularis
  2. thoracodorsal: C6-C8, lat dorsi
  3. lower subscapularis: C5-C6. subscapularis and teres major
31
Q

additional nn

A
  1. n to subclavius: C5-C6, subclavius m
  2. medial br of cut n: C8-T1, sensory to med arm
  3. med antibrachial cut n: C8-T1, sensory to med arm

Anatomy Exam III (12 decks)

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