his unit 4 Flashcards
what is health data?
raw health care facts
what is health information?
knowledge obtained after data has been processed and structured
data and information is composed of what?
data
knowledge
information
what is data, information, and knowledge?
data - facts concerning people, databases store data
information - data presented in a suitable form of interpretation
knowledge - insights to appropriate actions
data management is composed of what?
information flow
data management & collection
computer skills
patient privacy & confidentiality
what is healthcare data management?
storing, processing, analyzing data from different sources
managing health data allowed health systems to create holistic patient views, improve communication, enhance health outcomes
what are the 4 v’s in health data?
volume
veracity
veolicty
variety
terabytes to exabytes of existing data to process
data at rest - volume
streaming data, milliseconds to seconds to respond
data in motion - velocity
structured, unstructured, text, multimedia
data in many forms - variety
uncertainty due to data inconsistency & incompleteness, ambiguities, latency, deception, model approximations
data in doubt - veracity
benefits of healthcare data management
360 view of patients, consumers, households
enhance patient engagement
improve population health outcomes
understand physician activity
make informed, high-impact business decisions
data resource management has what?
entity - any object the organization chooses to collect data
what can be an entity?
types of people
events
inanimate objects
what is the hierarchy of data?
character: smallest piece of data
field: 1 piece of information about an entity
record: fields related to the same entity
file: collection of related records
database: collection of files
what are database management systems
programs used to build databases, populate them with data, and manipulate data
what are the factors under data resource management?
queries
reports
security
data warehouse
big data
large database that supports management decision making
data warehouse
big data involves high volumes of data compiled from?
traditional, ordinary business activity and new, non traditional sources like social media
what do data warehouses contain?
data or summaries of data from millions of transactions over many years
what is a solution to security and privacy issues?
login before accessing the database
limiting access to certain fields between users
messages sent to the database to access data
queries
what are the purposes of queries?
display results
manipulate data
sort order of records
DBMSs are usually bundles with what that can facilitate queries and produce predesigned reports?
report generation module
what are the outcomes of data warehousing?
data mining
online analytical processing
what is data mining?
selecting, exploring, and modeling large amounts of data to discover previously unknown relationships that can support decision making
searching through large amounts of data to find meaningful patterns in the information
what is online analytical processing?
applications that respond to commands to compose tables to analyze different dimensions of multidimensional data
what are the data sources for health care quality measures
administrative data
patient surveys
comments from individual patients
patient medical records
standardized clinical data
what falls under administrative data?
financial data
logistic data
quality assessment
public and primary insurance claims are under what kind of data in administrative data?
financial data
what falls under financial data insurance plans?
managed care plans
discharge datasets
revenue cycle management organizations
released by the department of health and human services
what is logistical data?
pertains to several aspects of patient care
care-team composition and staffing metrics
resource utilization through service metrics, medication, diagnostic procedures & tests
what is quality assessment?
performance analyses of service providers
patient satisfaction surveys
hospital quality measures
what are advantages of administrative data?
electronically available
less expensive than obtaining medical records
available for the whole population
fairly uniform
what are the challenges of administrative data?
limited clinical information
questionable accuracy for public reporting
completeness
timeliness
what are patient medical records?
patient medical history and care
increased accessibility of patient files
improve and ease and cost
what are the advantages of PMR?
rich in detail
credible by providers
challenges of PMR?
cost, complexity, time required to compile
trainedstaff must manually encode abstract info
what are patient surveys?
self-reported information about healthcare experiences
reports of care, service, treatment received and perceptions of the outcomes
advantages of patient surveys?
captures info from the best source – patients
well-established methods for survey design and administration
easy for consumers to relate and understand results
challenges of patient survey?
cost
misleading results due to poor wording, unstandardized administration procedures, sampling and response bias
what are comments from individual patients?
anecdotal information gathered informally
use of private websites to share personal experiences
advantages of comments?
compelling to consumers to read
conveys information and influences people’s decisions and behavior
challenges of comments?
not impartial assessment of health care quality
not representative of the whole population
undue influence of people’s healthcare decisions
what is standardized clinical data?
detailed info about the patient at set time intervals
MDS for nursing homes
OASIS for home health agencies
both store data for quality measures for service providers
advantages of standardized clinical data?
uses existing data sets
characterizes facility performance in multiple domains of care
challenges of SCD?
may not address all points of interest
study of information within an individual’s genome and biological derivates of this gene
omics data
omics data can be utilized to identify the treatment efficacy of various medications and medication dosages for a particular individual
pharmacogenomics
2 kinds of demographic data?
intrinsic (physiological)
extrinsic (environment and lifestyle)
wellness data is measured using?
fitness tracker and mHealth, EMR
clinical data is?
MIMIC
clinical records matched with physiologic data
collected 2002-2012
2 forms of diagnosis info by MIMIC?
DRGs and ICD Diagnosis
all codes are in what standard?
ICD-9 standard, ordered by priority
classification based on clinical factors and utilization of resources
DRG
2 types of DRG
all payers and health care financing administration (CMS DRGs)
ICD-9 codes are?
International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems
patient classification that relates the type of patients to the cost incurred by the hospital
DRG
DRGs consist of classes of patients that are what?
similar clinically in terms of hospital resource consumption
what is AP-DRG?
extension of the basic DRG
representative of non-medicare populations like pediatrics
2 subclasses: ROM, SOI
what are CPT codes?
5 digit codes in 3 categories
alphanumeric codes for execution measurement, optional
category 2
5 digit codes used in indicating procedure or service, 00100-99499
category 1
provisional codes for new, developing technology, procedures and services for data assessment and collection of new services and procedures
cate 3
what are used to report special procedures and to clarify or modify procedure description
2 character modifiers
what are provided with the medications of the patient?
dosage and unit
form and form unit
route
what if there are same drugs w/ diff names?
use RxnNorm and the generic sequence number (GSN) and national drug code (NDC)
MIMIC provides clinical notes on what categories?
ECG
respiratory
radiology
discharge summary
rehab system
nursing
nutrition
pharmacy
social work
case management
physician
consult
what are microbiology and lab reports?
lab results w/ in and out hospital lab measurements from clinics the patient has visited
what data are contained in the micribiology and lab results?
value (can be non-numeric)
unit (if appropriate)
flag (if value is abnormal)
microbio results capture data from?
various cultures such as specimen tested for bacterial growth, the organism that grew, antibiotic testing
largest table in MIMIC and contains wide array of info, anything put into the patient’s chart
chart events
tracking a patient includes?
patients
admissions
ICU stays
services
transfers
callout
characteristics of quality healthcare data?
data accuracy
data accessibility
data comprehensiveness
data consistency
data currency
data definition
data granularity
data precision
data relevancy
data timeliness
data quality in healthcare by AHIMA must have?
timeliness
completeness
consistency
conformity
accuracy
integrity
