ethics Flashcards
philosophy is from the words?
philo = love
sophia = wisdom
what are the factors that makes us choose how to live our life?
what is good
our values
happiness
what is the goal of ethics?
to make us realize how we want our life to be
ethics is from the words?
ethos = character
morals is from the words?
mores = customs
what are ethics?
study of the morality of an act
what are morals?
standards to which an individual must observe in their conduct
what are the characteristics of moral standards?
it may benefit or injure human beings
its validity depends on reason not popularity
preferred to other values including self-interest
based on impartial considerations
associated with guilt, pity, indignation
universalizable
true or false: moral actions are based on reason and feelings
true
true or false: feelings help us make decisions that are humane
true
reason allows us to make decisions that are?
right
feelings seek _______ so it is reason that tempers these compulsions
immediate fulfillment
reason can sometimes be __________ that it becomes ______________
blinded in implementing and following its strict rules; incapable of empathy
it is through what that we can add empathy to our decisions?
feelings
true or false: empathy is irrational
false
what is the moral agent
our personhood
what are actions that flow from the personhood and determine the kind of person you are?
human actions
who is the first victim of a bad decision?
the self
what are the levels of a moral dilemma?
individual - personal; within the individual
organizational - within an organization; individual needs vs collective purpose of the organization
structural/ systemic - ongoing search for a satisfactory system; manager faces enduring dilemmas such as trade offs without easy answers
what is the role of reason is moral dilemmas?
a facility used on dealing with issues
moral judgement is not a matter of preferences / taste
what is moral reasoning?
identify the morally relevant aspects
weigh the significance of the aspects and give importance to what constitutes benefit and harm
identify the possible actions that can be pursued
come to a decision
what is impartiality?
all human welfare is equal
everyone is equal
what is a conscientious agent?
scrutinize an action before executing it because there is a possibility that we can do more harm than good when it is done unto others
where do values come from?
pre rational preferring of values
true or false: values are beyond reason
true
what is a priori?
value is beyond the reach of reason
