638 second shifting Flashcards
Outcome based education means clearly focusing and
organizing everything in an educational system around what?
what is essential for all students to be able to do
successfully at the end of their learning experiences
OBE is a process that involves what?
the restructuring of curriculum, assessment and reporting practices in education to reflect the achievement of higher order learning and mastery rather than accumulation of course credits
What are outcomes?
clear learning results that we want students to
demonstrate at the end
sets of learning competencies that enable learners to
perform complex tasks/functions/roles
What is the OBE philosophy?
All learners can learn and succeed; success breeds
success and “teaching institutions control the conditions
of success.
OBE pyramid?
Paradigm
Purpose
Premises
Principles
Practices
What is paradigm?
WHAT and WHETHER students learn
successfully is more important than
WHEN and HOW they learn something.
What are the purposes of OBE?
Ensuring that all students are equipped
with the knowledge, competence, and
qualities needed to be successful after
they exit the educational system.
Structuring and operating schools so
that those outcomes can be achieved
and maximized for all students.
What are the premises of OBE?
All students can learn and succeed,
but not on the same day in the same
way.
Successful learning promotes even
more successful learning.
Schools control the conditions that
directly affect successful school
learning.
Principles of OBE?
Clarity of focus on: culminating exit outcomes of
significance
Expanded opportunity: support for learning success
High expectations: for all to succeed
Design down: from culminating outcomes
Focus on what learners will be able to do successfully
Clarity of Focus
Do not learn the same thing in the same way at the same time
Expanded Opportunity
Establish high challenging performance standards
High Expectations
Begin curriculum design with a clear definition of
the significant learning that learners are to achieve by the end of their formal education
Design Down
What composes practices?
- Define outcomes
2.Design the curriculum
3.Deliver instruction
4.Document results
5.Determine advancement
For the HEIs, OBE means?
describing the attributes of their ideal graduates based on their visions and missions as part of their institutional goals or outcomes, and using these as bases for developing specific program outcomes
Program outcomes are the _________that all learners are expected to demonstrate. Institutional or program outcomes may also emphasize _________.
sets of competencies, lifelong learning.
What are learning outcomes?
Outcomes that are expected from a certain course that are assessed and evaluated through various measurement tools
Sets of competencies, expressing what the student will know, understand or be able to do
Statements that describe significant and essential
learning that learners have achieved, and can reliably
demonstrate
What is a teaching strategy?
a generalized plan for a lesson which includes structure, instructional objectives and an outline of planned tactics, necessary to implement the strategies
are the overall plan for a teaching learning experience that involves the use of one or several methods of instruction to achieve learning outcomes
Instructional strategies can?
motivate students and help them focus attention
organize information for understanding and
remembering
monitor and assess learning
Five Categories of Instructional Strategies?
Direct Instruction
Indirect Instruction
Interactive Instruction
Experiential Learning
Independent Study
highly teacher directed
most commonly used
effective for providing information or developing step by step skills
deductive
Direct Instruction
What is under Direct Instruction?
lecture
Purposes of Lecture?
Develop the act of listening
Effective way of presenting new topic
Develop creative thinking and reasoning
Stimulates learner’s interest
Supplement of the textbook, discussion, and student report
Integrate and synthesize a vast body of knowledge
Advantages of Lecture?
Economical
Current information
Active listening and note-taking skills
Inspires learners
Summary/ synthesis of information
Disadvantages of lecture?
Passive listeners
Relies on listening skills
Attention span
Do not learn at the same pace
Focuses on teaching of facts
2 Types of Lecture?
Formal, Informal
Parts of a Lecture?
Intro, Body, Conclu
Establish a relationship with the audience.
Intro
Encourage questions from students.
Conclu
Relate content to previous and subsequent topics.
Conclu
educator can enhance the effectiveness of the presentation by combining it with other instructional methods
Body
careful preparation is needed
Body
Repeat and emphasize main points.
Conclu
The lecturer needs to make a connection with the overall subject and the topic being presented as well as explicate its relationship to previous topics covered and both prior lectures and those that will follow
Intro
learner driven
includes a high level of learner involvement in observing, investigating, drawing inferences or forming hypotheses
takes advantage of learners’ interests and curiosity and encourages learners to generate alternatives or solve problems
Indirect instruction
What forms of learning are under indirect instruction?
Problem Solving
Case Studies
Reflection Discussion
Concept Mapping
to challenge students’ thinking by inviting them to interpret, infer, summarize, form conclusions and evaluate selections
to extend personal responses by considering the views of others
Purposes of Reflection Discussion
concepts are represented in a hierarchical manner; the most general are positioned in the ______part of the map, while the specific concepts, less general ones are positioned in the ______part of themap.
superior, lower
establishes a bridge between how people learn knowledge and sensible learning
Concept Mapping
relies heavily on discussion and sharing and helps develop social skills and the ability to organize thoughts and develop rational arguments
Interactive Instruction
free flow of ideas
generate as many ideas as possible within the specified time frame given in the classroom
Brainstorming
provide very powerful learning experiences for
students by immersing them in simulated real world
situations in which students act out a particular
role/character in a safe environment
Role Playing
develop critical thinking and public speaking
skills
Debate
articulate and defend positions, consider different points of view, and enlist and evaluate evidence
Discussion
teaching strategy in which small teams, each with students of different levels of ability, use a variety of learning activities to improve their understanding of a subject
Cooperative Learning
allow covering the discussion about different aspects referred to the same study themes
Buzz Group
student centered strategy builds comprehension of complex texts/ideas while developing group discussion skills
Fish Bowl
a way for students to teach each other important concepts and information, begin by working alone; next they collaborate with a partner
Snowball Technique
allow more active student participation that fosters both activation of prior knowledge, which ultimately assists in collecting and joining all the previously known facts, problem solving, and decision making together
Syndicate
learner focused and activity oriented
requires learners to reflect about the experience and ways to apply it to other contexts
emphasizes the learning process
Experential Learning
Phases of Experiential Learning
- experiencing
- sharing or publishing
- analyzing or processing
- inferring or generalizing
- applying
Form of Learning under Experiential Learning?
Simulation
Games
instructional scenarios where the learner is placed in a “world” defined by the teacher
experience the reality of the scenario and gather meaning from it
Simulation
Forms of learning under Interactive Learning?
Snowball Technique
Buzz Group
Fishbowl Technique
Brainstorming
Debate
Syndicate
Discussion
Cooperative Learning
Role Playing
“games have a special role in building students’ ______ and “they can reduce the gap between quicker and slower learners”
self confidence
learners studying on their own under the guidance or supervision of an instructor, fosters the development of individual student initiative, self reliance and self improvement
Independent study
students need to acquire __________ in Independent Study
life long learning capability
attain abilities in dealing with uncertainty, independence, teamwork and organisational skills
Research
It is series of prepared talks given by few experts (2 to 5 ) on many aspects of a topic or a problem under a chair person.
Symposium
Careful presentation of facts with organised thoughts and ideas by a qualified person
Lecture
A group of four or more persons sit with a moderator in front of an audience; they hold orderly and logical conversation on an assigned topic.
Panel
involves a group of person or a team in the instructional process
Team Teaching
the effective implementation of educational technology to accomplish intended learning outcomes
Technology Integration
_______ is any tool, piece of equipment, or device electronic or mechanical that can be used to help students accomplish specified learning goals
Educational Technology
Frameworks for Technology Integration?
Substitution
Augmentation
Modification
Redefinition
What is TPACK?
Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge
utilizing electronic technologies to access educational curriculum outside of a traditional classroom
e-Learning
Types of e-Learning?
interactive
synchronous
asynchronous
It can lead to _______ and ______ on the subject since it uses other elements like video, audio, quizzes, interaction, etc to reinforce the activities
increase retention and stronger grasp
It is _______ sections that are not clear to the learners
accessible to revisit or review
real time learning, interact at the same time from different locations
synchronous learning
sharing of information outside the constraints of time
pause and resume kind of learning
asynchronous learning
Importance of e-Learning in Today’s Education
Provides high retention power
Availability of a vast information pool
Provides a digital learning environment
an approach to learning that combines face to face and online learning experiences
Blended learning
a teaching method that uses active learning techniques to engage students rather than traditional lectures alone
Flipped Classroom
These techniques enable students to __________ in ways that help sharpen their skills in analyzing, synthesizing and evaluating class content.
read, write, discuss or solve problems
FOUR PILLARS OF THE FLIPPED CLASSROOM METHOD
Flexible Learning Environment
Learning Culture
Intentional Content
Professional Educator
The Role of the Teacher in a Flipped Classroom?
guides the students in hands on, enrichment, and reinforcement activities
a tutor by helping students when they have problems and giving them individualized attention
What is m-Learning?
using mobile technology
when the learners use technological devices on their educational process
helps students gain in depth knowledge, develop critical thinking, actively involved students in their studies
Video Presentation
Benefits of Using Video in the classroom
(TO STUDENTS)?
Higher sensory experience
view the videos anywhere and at their convenience Increases knowledge
Increase digital literacy and communication
Increases student engagement
Benefits of Using Video in the classroom
(TO TEACHERS)?
Assist with mastery learning
Fosters learning activities
Create a flipped classroom or blended learning environment
Remote learning opportunities to students
Track student engagement and attendance while viewing
Three Types of Video Teaching
Live lecture capture
Screen cast
Web lecture
webcasting
classroom presentation
classroom recording
processing and editing
hosting
distribution and playback
Live lecture capture
“a digital movie in which the setting is partly or wholly a computer screen, and in which audio narration describes the on screen action”
Screencasts
capture computer screen output with concurrent audio commentary
was originally used for software tutorials and demonstrations
Screencasts
multimedia presentations that combine video of the lecturer, audio, lecture slides, and a table of contents’
Web lectures
formal gathering in an academic setting and covers a single topic or subject
Symposium
Characteristics of a symposium:
wide knowledge of the topic
feeling of collaboration and adaptation
different views on the subject
synthesis and evaluation is achieved
bringing together small groups for recurring meetings, focusing each time on some particular subject, in which everyone present is requested to actively participate
seminar
Types of Lesson Plan?
Brief
Semi-detailed
Detailed
Components of a Lesson Plan?
Learning Outcomes
Content
Learning Activities
Evaluation (Formative and Summative Assessments)
Resources and Materials
Difference of Objective vs Outcomes?
Objectives statements can vary in form and nature they can range from general objectives, to more specific ‘learning’ objectives
An outcome statement clarifies intention . It is squarely focused on the learner and is performance oriented
The value of effective learning outcomes statements?
Content of teaching
Teaching strategies applied
learning activities/tasks and course evaluation
For students, the set of learning outcomes provides them with?
a solid framework to guide them
point of articulation with graduate attributes
From this, effective learning outcomes statements should?
identify important learning requirements
use clear language
link to graduate attributes
be achievable and assessable
4 Kinds of Knowledge?
Declarative - know what or about the content
Procedural - know how to use the content
Conditional - know when to use the content
Functional - master the other 3 to become a professional and to solve problems, making things developmental
Characteristics of a Good Lesson Plan?
SMART
Teaching is most effective when?
the physical, virtual, and cultural spaces of the classroom are conducive to both personal and social learning
Managing the learning environment means to take steps to?
maximize attention
reduce distraction
Encourage participation
Be as productive as possible
TRUE OR FALSE:
The classroom can be crowded, complex but not chaotic
False, can be chaotic
TRUE OR FALSE
There is privacy in the classroom, and events are often predictable
False, there is little privacy and most events are unpredictable
Class Rules should be?
Reasonable and necessary
Clear and comprehensible
Consistent with learning goals
Consistent with school rules
What is the Action Zone?
Learners in this area are more prone to interact with the teacher, ask questions, and initiate discussion
TRUE OR FALSE
Learning is one-dimensional and not a shared responsibility
False, it is multidimensional and a shared responsibility
Non verbal cues
Move closer to students
Direct and assertive
Give student a choice
Minor interventions
Withhold privileges
Isolate, remove students
Impose penalty
Moderate interventions
TRUE OR FALSE
Making eye contact is a way to manage disruptive behavior
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE
The teacher can use humor and supply ground rules as a means of managing disruptive behavior
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE
Continuing the discussion while the latecomer/ noisy student/s is/are settled in is an effective way of managing disruptive behavior
FALSE, need to stop talking mid sentence and look in a non aggressive way
