Hipertensión arterial Flashcards

1
Q

Aumento normal de la presión sisólica

A

1-2 mmHg/año

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2
Q

Aumento normal de la presión diastólica

A

0.5-1 mmHg

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3
Q

Causas de hipertensión secundaria

A

Renal (tumor o malformaciones), parenquimatoso o vascular (estenosis arterial)

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4
Q

Factores de riesgoo familiares para HTA primaria

A

1 padre: 33%
2 padres: 50%

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5
Q

Factores de riesgo en antecedentes perinatales

A

prematurez (nefrogenesis termina a las 35 sdg) y peso bajo

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6
Q

Clínica de HTA

A

Cefalea, vómitos, fatiga, irritabilidad, epistaxis y cambios visuales

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7
Q

Lesión de SCN

A

encefalopatía hipertensiva
infartos lacunares
hemorragia intracerebral

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8
Q

Lesión en ojos

A

hemorragias retinianas, vítreas y/o neuropatía isquémica óptica anterior

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9
Q

Lesión cardiaco

A

IC aguda congestiva
Hipertrofia de VI

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10
Q

Lesión renal

A

microalbuminuria
proteinuria
IR

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11
Q

Constituye al daño más importante por HTA

A

Hipertrofia del VI

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12
Q

Diagnostico de HTA primaria

A

TA medida en 3 ocasiones y separadas con >95 para edad, sexo y talla

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13
Q

Tratamiento

A

Cambios en estilo de vida
Modificaciones de la dieta

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14
Q

Recomendación de consumo de sodio

A

4-8 años: 1.2 g/dia
Niños mayores: 1.5 g/dia

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15
Q

Cuando esta indicado el tx farmacologico

A

HTA secundaria
Falta de respuest a tx conservador
HT sintomatica
Daño a órgano diana

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16
Q

Farmacos mas usados

A

IECAS y Beta Bloqueadores

17
Q

Meta del Tx

A

Reducción de TA <p95
Reducción de TA <90 si hay comorbilidades o daño a órgano diana