hip joint - kines

Question 1

hip joint articulation

Answer 1

b/w the acetabulum of the pelvis proximally and the head of the femur distally

Question 2

the hip joint is also called the

Answer 2

coxafemoral joint

Question 3

what is the acetabulum

Answer 3

cup-like concave socket

located on the lateral aspect of the pelvic bone

Question 4

how is the acetabulum oriented

Answer 4

faces laterally and somewhat inferiorly and anteriorly

Question 5

acetabular labrum functions

Answer 5

1. deepens the socket
2. increases the concavity b/c it is triangular shaped
3. grasp the head of the femur to maintain contact with the acetabulum

Question 6

the head of the femur is oriented

Answer 6

by the femoral neck

medially, superiorly and anteriorly

Question 7

coxafemoral joint description

Answer 7

diarthrodial joint

ball and socket

3 degrees of freedom

Question 8

what motions does the coxafemoral joint do

Answer 8

ABD/ADD

IR/ER

Flexion/Ext

Question 9

ROM flexion

Answer 9

0-90 w/ knee extended

0-120 or 135 w/ knee flexed

Question 10

ROM extension

Answer 10

0-10 or 30

probably closer to 0, anything beyond 10 may be anterior pelvic tilt or lumbar spine motion

Question 11

ROM ABD

Answer 11

0-30 or 50

Question 12

ROM ADD

Answer 12

0-10 or 30

Question 13

ROM IR

Answer 13

0-30 or 45

Question 14

ROM ER

Answer 14

0-45 or 60

Question 15

mechanical axis of the femur

Answer 15

line drawn from center of the femoral head

–> passes though a point in b/w the femoral condyles

Question 16

where is the mechanical axis

Answer 16

most of it is outside the bone

–> can cause bending of the femur

Question 17

what is the mechanical axis of the femur also called

Answer 17

weight bearing axis

Question 18

angles of the femur

Answer 18

created by the head and neck of the femur on the shaft

head-neck angle of inclination

angle of torsion

Question 19

head-neck angle of inclination

Answer 19

occurs in the frontal plane

angle formed by the intersection of the femoral neck axis and the femoral shaft axis

Question 20

what is a normal head-neck angle for adults

Answer 20

125

Question 21

what is head-neck angle at birth

Answer 21

150

Question 22

head-neck angle types

Answer 22

coxa vara

coxa valga

Question 23

coxa vara

Answer 23

decrease in the head neck angle

femoral head is pointing down

Question 24

coxa vara results in

Answer 24

increased joint congruency

increased moment arm for the ABD
leg length discrepancy

increased shear force

Question 25

coxa vara --> increased joint congruency

Answer 25

femoral head facing more towards acetabulum

Question 26

coxa vara --> increased moment arm for..

Answer 26

ABDs need less force production to produce the same amount of torque less compression on the joint muscles dont have to work as hard

Question 27

coxa vara --> leg length discrepancy

Answer 27

affected femur will be too short compared to the unaffected side

Question 28

coxa vara --> increased shear force

Answer 28

on the femoral neck and head increased risk of fx of the femoral neck moves mechanical axis medially and more outside the bone

Question 29

coxa valga

Answer 29

increase in the head neck angle

Question 30

coxa valga results in

Answer 30

decreased joint congruity decreased moment arm for ABD leg length discrepancies

Question 31

coxa valga --> decreased joint congruity

Answer 31

increased chance of dislocation

Question 32

coxa valga --> decreased moment arm for...

Answer 32

ABDs increased muscle force required to create the same amount of torque increase compression on the joint

Question 33

coxa valga --> leg length discrepancy

Answer 33

affected femur is too long

Question 34

angle of torsion of the femur

Answer 34

twisting occurs in the transverse plane b/w the femoral neck axis and the transcondylar axis

Question 35

what is the angle of torsion referred to as

Answer 35

anteversion

Question 36

anteversion in a normal adult

Answer 36

15 degrees

Question 37

anteversion in an infant

Answer 37

up to 40

Question 38

pathological increase in the angle of torsion

Answer 38

anteversion

Question 39

beyond 15 degrees of anteversion

Answer 39

someone is considered to have an anteverted hip femoral head is facing more anteriorly --> toes medially rotate --> toe is posture

Question 40

what happens to IR with anteversion

Answer 40

there is more room to glide posteriorly increased IR

Question 41

what happens to ER anteversion

Answer 41

decrease in ER --> little room to glide anteriorly

Question 42

pathological decrease in the angle or torsion

Answer 42

retroversion femoral head is facing too far posteriorly --> toe out posture anything less than 15 degrees is a retroverted hip

Question 43

what is a retroverted hip d/t

Answer 43

w sitting intrauterine "packaging"

Question 44

what happens to ER --> retroversion

Answer 44

increases more room to glide anteriorly

Question 45

what happens to IR --> retroversion

Answer 45

decreases less room to glide posteriorly

Question 46

arthrokinematics --> open chain

Answer 46

convex femur moves on the concave acetabulum BM + roll --> same glide --> opposite

Question 47

flexion and extension arthrokinematics

Answer 47

Flexion: BM + R --> A, G --> P Extension: BM + R --> P, G --> A

Question 48

ABD and ADD arthrokinematics

Answer 48

ABD: BM + R --> S, G --> I ADD: BM + R --> I, G --> S

Question 49

IR and ER arthrokinematics

Answer 49

IR: BM + R --> A, G --> P ER: BM + R --> P, G --> A

Question 50

arthrokinematics --> closed kinetic chain

Answer 50

pelvis moves on the femur concave on convex --> everything same direction

Question 51

motions of closed kinetic chain

Answer 51

anterior and posterior pelvic tilt lateral pelvic tilt pelvic rotation

Question 52

anterior pelvic tilt

Answer 52

occurs in sagittal plane relative hip flexion counteracted by the extenders

Question 53

posterior pelvic tilt

Answer 53

occurs in sagittal plane relative hip extension counteracted by the flexors

Question 54

lateral pelvic tilt

Answer 54

occurs in the frontal plane around an A-P axis hip hiking (iliac crest elevates) hip drop (iliac crest drops)

Question 55

hip hike

Answer 55

relative ABD counteracted by ADDs

Question 56

hip drop

Answer 56

relative ADD counteracted by ABDs

Question 57

pelvic rotation

Answer 57

transverse plane around a vertical axis

Question 58

relative internal rotation

Answer 58

rip hip with left forward rotation left hip with right forward rotation

Question 59

relative external rotation

Answer 59

left backward rotation --> relative ER of right hip right backward rotation --> relative ER of left hip

Question 60

iliofemoral ligament

Answer 60

fan shaped ligament on the anterior aspect "y shaped" strongest ligament at the hip

Question 61

where does the iliofemoral ligament run

Answer 61

AIIS to intertrochanteric line of the femur

Question 62

when do all fibers of the iliofemoral ligament tighten

Answer 62

hip extension

Question 63

when do the superior fibers of the iliofemoral ligament tighten

Answer 63

ADD

Question 64

when do the inferior fibers of the iliofemoral ligament tighten

Answer 64

ABD

Question 65

what ligaments form the Z ligament

Answer 65

iliofemoral and pubofemoral

Question 66

primary role of ligament of the head of the femur

Answer 66

blood supply and nerve supply to the femoral head

Question 67

when is the joint capsule the strongest

Answer 67

anterosuperiorly

Question 68

wolff's law

Answer 68

bone is laid down in a reaction to stress placed on the bone

Question 69

zone of weakness

Answer 69

an area in the femoral neck trabeculae are thin and do not cross each other increased risk of fx

Question 70

point of strength

Answer 70

all the systems intersect each other