development of posture

Question 1

primary curves

Answer 1

present at birth

whole spine is concave forward or convex

Question 2

secondary curves

Answer 2

convex forward

form during development

Question 3

3-6 months

Answer 3

begin to develop a secondary curve in the cervical spine

lordosis

Question 4

8-12 months

Answer 4

begin to stand up and walk

extension in the lumbar spine

develop lumbar lordosis

Question 5

adult

Answer 5

two primary curves remain

thoracic and sacral kyphosis

have 2 secondary curves –> cervical and lumbar lordosis

Question 6

old age

Answer 6

secondary curves begin to disappear
—> b/c of muscular weakness, disc degeneration, ligaments start to calcify, develop osteoporosis

gravity is beginning to win and primary curves begin to develop all over again
–> people end up in pain and in PT

Question 7

Center of gravity

Answer 7

begins at T12 at birth and moves to S2 by adulthood

Question 8

erect posture

Answer 8

begin with quadruped

progress to erect

bipedal stance

this is unique to man

Question 9

advantages to erect posture

Answer 9

hands are free for motor tasks

Question 10

disadvantages to erect posture

Answer 10

high center of gravity and narrow base of support (inherent instability)

more stress on our LE and spine

harder on our CV system