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MSK > hip exam > Flashcards

hip exam Flashcards

1
Q

what clinical signs to look for in a hip exam

A

body habitus, scars, wasting of muscles

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2
Q

what objects to look for in a hip exam

A

walking aids and prescription charts

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3
Q

anterior inspection of the hips

A

scars, bruising, swelling, quadriceps wasting, leg length discrepinancy, pelvic tilt

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4
Q

unilateral swelling of the hip may indicate

A

effusion, inflammatory athroplathy and septic arthritis

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5
Q

leg length discrepancy can be du eto

A

fracture, degenrative joint disease, surgical removal of bone, trauma to epiphyseal end plate prior to skeletal maturity

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6
Q

pelvic tilt can be due to

A

lateral pelvic tilt caised by scoliosis, leg length discrepancy or hip abductor weakness

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7
Q

lateral inspection of the legs can reveal

A

fixed flexion

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8
Q

what can a fixed flexion diformity suggest the presence of

A

contractires secondary to previous trauma , infammatory conditins and neurological disease

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9
Q

posterior inspection of the hips

A

scars and muscle wasting

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10
Q

after looking at the hips and legs what should you do next in a hip exam

A

ask the patient to walk

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11
Q

what is important to asses to indicate abnormal gait

A

soles of the patients shoes

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12
Q

trendelenburgs gate due to

A

superior gluteral nerve lesion or L5 radiculopathy

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13
Q

waddling gait due to

A

muscular dystrphy

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14
Q

what to do in a hip exam after asking the patient to walk

A

ask them to lie on the bed and inspect once more

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15
Q

what to do after the patient is lying down in a hip exam

A

feel temperature of the hip joints

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16
Q

what can increased temperature of a joint indicate

A

septic or inflammatory arthritis

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17
Q

what to do after feeling temperature of hips in a hip exam

A

palpate the greater trochanter

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18
Q

what can tenderness of the greater trochanter mean

A

trochanteric bursitis

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19
Q

what to do after palpating the greater trochater of in a hip exam

A

measure apparent and true leg length

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20
Q

what is apparent leg length

A

from belly button to medial malleolsu

21
Q

what is true leg length

A

measure from ASIS to medial malleolus

22
Q

what leg should you move first

A

the normal leg

23
Q

what to do after measuring leg length in a hip exam

A

place hand under lumbar spine and ask patient to bring knee to the chest

24
Q

what is the normal range of motion for active hip flexion

A

120

25
Q

what to do in a hip exam after active hip flexion

A

ask the patient to straighten their leg out so that its flat on the bed

26
Q

what to do after the hip flexion in a hip exam

A

perform passive hip flexion

27
Q

how to perform passive hip flexion

A

flex the patients leg flex the hip as far as you able making sure to observe for signs of discomfort

28
Q

what to do after passive hip flexion

A

passive internal rotation

29
Q

normal range for passive hip flexion

A

120

30
Q

what to do in passive internal rotation of hip

A

flex the patients hip and knee joint to 90 degrees and then rotate the foot laterally

31
Q

normal range of movement for passive internal rotation of hip

A

40

32
Q

what to do after passive infernal rotation in a hip exam

A

external rotation

33
Q

what to do in passive external rotation of hip

A

flex the hip and knee to 90 degrees then rotate the foot medially

34
Q

normal range for passive external rotation of the hip

A

45

35
Q

what to do after passive hip external rotation

A

passive hip abduction

36
Q

how to perform passive hip abduction

A

with the patients legs straight and flat on the bed use one hand to hold the ankle and one on the opposite iliac crest and move the ankle laterally

37
Q

normal range of movement for passive hip abduction

A

45

38
Q

what to do after passive hip abduction

A

passive hip adduction

39
Q

normal range of movement for passive hip adduction

A

30 degrees

40
Q

what to do after passive hip adduction

A

passive hip extension

41
Q

how to perform passive hip extension

A

ask patient to lie on their tummy, use one hand to hold the ankle of the leg being assessed and the other hand on the pelvis and life up the leg

42
Q

normal range of movement in passive hip extension

A

10-20

43
Q

what is Thomas’s test used for

A

fixed flexion deformity

44
Q

how to perform Thomas test

A

place hand below the lumbar spine and passively flex the hip of the unaffected leg as far as you are able to and observe the contralateral limb

45
Q

what is a positive Thomas test

A

affected thigh raises off the bed suggesting a fixed flexion deformity

46
Q

when not to perform Thomas test

A

in patients with hip replacements

47
Q

what is trendelenburgs test used for

A

hip abductor weakness

48
Q

how to perform the trendelenburg test

A

stand in front of the patient and ask then to place hands on ur forearms for stability ask patient tot and on one leg and look for lateral pelvic tilt

MSK (19 decks)

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