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anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

proximal attachment of gluteus medius

A

external ilium

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2
Q

distal attachment of the gluteus medius

A

lasteral surface of the greater trochanter of femur

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3
Q

innervation of the gluteus medius

A

superior gluteal nerve

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4
Q

action of the gluteus medias

A

abduct and medially rotate the thigh

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5
Q

proximal attachment of the gluteus minimus

A

ecternal llium

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6
Q

distal attachment of the gluteus minimus

A

superior surface of the greater trochanter of the femur

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7
Q

innervation of gluteus minimus

A

superior gluteal nerve

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8
Q

action of the gluteus minimus

A

abduct and medially rotate the thigh

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9
Q

proximal attachment of priformis

A

anterior surface of the sacrum

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10
Q

distal attachmnet of the piriformis

A

superior surface of the great trochanter

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11
Q

innervation of the piriformis

A

anterior ramus of S1,S2

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12
Q

action of the piriformis

A

laterally rotates the extended thigh and abducts the flexed thigh

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13
Q

what is the proxmal attachment of the superior gemelli

A

ischial spine

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14
Q

proximal attachment of the inferior gemelli

A

ischial tuberosity

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15
Q

distal attachment of the superior and inferior gemelli

A

trochanteric fossa

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16
Q

innervation of the superior gemelli

A

nerve to obturator internus

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17
Q

innervation of the inferior gemelli

A

nerve to quadratis femoris

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18
Q

action fo the superior and inferior gemelli

A

laterally rotates the extended thigh and abducts the flexed thigh

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19
Q

proximal attachment of the obturator internus

A

internal surface of obturator membrane

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20
Q

distal attachment of the obturator internis

A

trochanteric fossa

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21
Q

innervation of the obturator internus

A

nerve to obturator internus

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22
Q

role of the obturator internus

A

laterally rotates the extended thigh and abducts the flexed thigh

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23
Q

proximal attachment of the quadratus femoris

A

ischial tuberosity

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24
Q

distal attachment of the quadratus femoris

A

interchanteric crest

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25
Q

innervation of the quadratus femoris

A

nerve to quadratus femoris

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26
Q

action of the quadratus femoris

A

laterally rotates the thigh

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27
Q

sciatic nerve roots

A

L4-S3

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28
Q

posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh roots

A

S1-3

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29
Q

inferior gluteal nerve roots

A

L5-S2

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30
Q

pudendal roots

A

S2-4

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31
Q

femoral nerve roots

A

L2,L3,L4

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32
Q

proximal attatchment of the iliopsoas

A

iliac fossa and lumbar transverse prcesses

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33
Q

distal attachments of iliopsoas

A

lesser trochanter of femur

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34
Q

action of iliopsoas

A

flexion at the hip

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35
Q

proximal attachments of sartorius

A

ASIS

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36
Q

distal attachments of sartorius

A

medial surface of promical tibia

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37
Q

action of sartorius

A

flexion at the hip and knee

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38
Q

components of the quadriceps femoris

A

rectus demoris, vastus lateralis, vastis intermedius, vastus medius

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39
Q

what proximal attachments of quadrieps femoris

A

ASIS and shaft of femur

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40
Q

distal attachments o quadriceps femoris

A

patella and tibial tuberosirty

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41
Q

action of quadriceps femoris

A

extension of the knee

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42
Q

nerve supply of the quadriceps femoris

A

femoral nerve

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43
Q

great sapheanous drains to

A

superficial inguinal lymph nodes

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44
Q

small sapheanous vein drains to

A

popliteal lymph nodes

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45
Q

lymph from popliteal nodes drains to

A

deep inguinal

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46
Q

deep inguinal lymph nodes drain to

A

ecternal iliax nodes

47
Q

ligaments involved in hip joint

A

iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, pubofemoral

48
Q

iliopsoas, sartoriousm tensor fascia latae, rectus femoris, pectineus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus are what in the hip joint

49
Q

adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, gracilis, pectineous, obturator externus are what in the hip joint

50
Q

obturator externus, obturator internus, gamellu, prirformis, quadratus femoris and gluteus maximus are what in hip joint

A

lateral rotators

51
Q

hamstrings, adductor magnus andgluteus maximus are what in the hip joint

52
Q

glutreus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fascia lata are what in the hip joint

53
Q

gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and tensor fascia latae are what in the hip joint

A

medial rotators

54
Q

sciatic nerve originates from

55
Q

where does the sciatic nerve leave the pelvis

A

through the great sciatic foramen inferior to the piriformis

56
Q

what division of the sciatic nerve is most commonly affected

A

lumbosacral

57
Q

what is trendelenburgs sign

A

pelvis drops on unsupported side

58
Q

what is trendelenburgs signs positive for

A

uperior gluteal nerve entrapment, femoral head dislocation and gluteus maximus and minimus rupture or weakness

59
Q

origin of gluteus medius

A

anterior and posterior gluteal lines of the ilium

60
Q

origin of gluteus minimus

A

between anterior and inferior gluteal lines of the ilium

61
Q

where do the gluteus minimus and medius instert

A

lateral aspect of the greater trochanter of the femur

62
Q

where does the superior gluteal nerve originate from

63
Q

where does the superior gluteal nerve leave the pelvic cavity

A

via the greater sciatic foramen superior to the piriformis

64
Q

where does the superior gluteal nerve pass

A

between the gliuteius minimus and the gluteus medius

65
Q

seperation of the distal tibia and the fibula causes

A

rupture of tibiofibular syndesmoses

66
Q

anterior compartment of the leg is supplied by

A

deep fibular

67
Q

lateral compartment of the leg supplied by

A

superficial fibular

68
Q

most of the dorsal aspect of the foot is suppled by

A

suoerficiak fibular

69
Q

camel toe toes things suppliuedf by

A

deep fibulaft

70
Q

most common referral to foot and ankle services

A

achilles pathology

71
Q

what is the ball of the foot

A

metatarsal heads

72
Q

heel of foot innervation

A

calcareous branch of the tibial nerve

73
Q

medial malleoulsi innervated by

A

saphenous nerve

74
Q

hall valgus known as

75
Q

incidence of hallux values

A

increase with age - more in women

76
Q

risk factors of hallux values

A

genetic, ligamentous laxity, pes plants, RA, cerebral palsy, convex metatarsal head, 2nd toe amputation, heels, narrow shoes

77
Q

presentation of hallux values

A

dorsomedial eminence, osteoarthritis, definition 1st rau

78
Q

managemebtof hallux valgus

A

analgesia, splits, low heel wide shoes, physio, reassurance

79
Q

indications of surgery of hallux valgus

A

failure of non op, pain, lesser toe deformities, lifestyle limitation, overlapping, ulceration, functional limitation

80
Q

what is hallux rigidux

A

a disorder of the joint located at the base of the big toe. It causes pain and stiffness in the joint, and with time, it gets increasingly harder to bend the toe.

81
Q

management of hallux rigidux

A

NSAIDs, activity mid, intra articular injections, orthodontic, fusion/replacements

82
Q

when does rheumatoid foot occur

A

early on disease process

83
Q

what is pet planus

84
Q

tibias posterior dysfunction

A

acquired flatfoot

85
Q

what is tibias posterior dysfunction caused by

A

attenuated and tenosynovitis if posterior tibial tendon leading to medial arch collapse

86
Q

later stage of tibias posterior dysfunction can cause

A

lateral wall impingement

87
Q

pes cavus

88
Q

causes of pes pavus

A

neurological

89
Q

management of pes cavus if comped

90
Q

what is plantar fasciitis

A

inflammation of the planate aponeurosis at its origin of the calcareous

91
Q

causes of plantar fasciitis

A

physical overload, seronegative arthropathy, abnormal foot shape, improper foot wear

92
Q

treatment of plantar fasciitis

A

NSAIDs, night splints, taping, heel cups, physiotherapy, steroid injections

93
Q

what is Mortons neuroma

A

degenerative fibrosis of digital nerve near its bifurcation

94
Q

management if Mortons neuroma

A

insoles and injections, excision surgery

95
Q

presentation of mottos neuroma

A

forefoot pain and burning and tingling in toes

96
Q

tendo achilles tendinosis cause

A

repetitive micro trauma and failure of collagen repair with loss of fibre alignment

97
Q

what can lead to tend achilles tendinitis

A

overtraining, drugs

98
Q

tendo achillea tendinosis presentation

A

pain, morning stiffness, eases with heat/walking

99
Q

management of tendo ache tendinitis

A

activity modification, NSAIDs, shock wave therapy, orthotics, physio and surgery

100
Q

tendon achilles rupture presentation

A

sudden deceleration with resisted calf contraction - patients think someone hit them

101
Q

clinical presenyyion of tendo achilles rupture

A

unable to bear weight, wear plantar flexion, palpable painful gap, positive calf squeeze

102
Q

management of tendo achilles rupture

A

conservatively - heel wedges

103
Q

classifications of ankle fractures

104
Q

main reason for ankle joint arthritis

A

previous trauma

105
Q

what supplies the anterior aspect of the arm AVN

A

brachial, brachial, musculocutaenous

106
Q

nerves that can be injured in anterior dislocation of the humerus

A

axillary or radial

107
Q

anatomical neck of humerus

108
Q

mid humeral fracture affects what nerve

109
Q

radial nerve damage

A

wrist drop and weaker extension of forearm if higher

110
Q

radial nerve supplies

A

posterior compartment of the forearm and the posterior part of the arm (triceps)

111
Q

median nerve

A

everything in forearm except ye carpi ulnas and the ulnar Half of flexor digitorum

112
Q

hand nerve supplies

A

everything by ulnar except ;lateral two lumbricals, opponents policies, abductor policies braves, flexor polices braves

113
Q

most common fracture

A

fall on outstretched hand - distal radial tractors - connies feature

114
Q

ulnar nerve supplies what in the hand

A

medial palm and dorm of the hand and medial 1 and a half fingers

MSK (19 decks)

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