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Block 3 Week 1 > Highison Oral Cavity and Esophagus > Flashcards

Highison Oral Cavity and Esophagus Flashcards

1
Q

The lumen of GI tract is physically & functionally (blank)

A

external to body

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2
Q

(blank) is the surface across which most substances enter the body

A

Alimentary canal mucosa

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3
Q

The alimentary canal mucosa has 4 main functions, what are they?

A

secretion, asborption, barrier, immunological functions

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4
Q

The oral cavity/ mouth consists of what?

A

tongue, teeth, major and minor salivary glands and tonsils

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5
Q

The oral cavity is broken into two components, what are they?

A

oral cavity proper and vestibule

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6
Q

The masticatory mucosa on the gingiva and hard palate are made up of what kinds of epithelium?

A

Masticatory mucosa->keratinized and parakeratinized stratified squamos

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7
Q

What mucosa lines everywhere besides the gingiva, hard palate and tongue?

A

Lining mucose->stratified squamos and parakeratinized stratified squamos

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8
Q

where in the oral cavity do you find specialized (gustatory mucosa)?

A

on the tongue ( w/ papillae and taste buds on dorsal surface)

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9
Q

(blank) means that it is stratified squamos epithelium wihere the surface cells contain their nuclei.

A

parakeritinized

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10
Q

What kind of epithelium is the vermillion (lip)

A

parakeratinized

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11
Q

The lip consists of a (blank) core called the orbicularis oris. It is also highly (blank) and contains labial glands AKA (blank).

A

skeletal muscle
vascularized
minor salivary glands

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12
Q

How many deciduous teeth are there?

How many permanent?

A

20

32

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13
Q

What is enamel derived from?

What is dentin derived from?

A

ameloblasts-> ectoderm

odontoblasts-> neural crest cells

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14
Q

THe crown is above the gumline while the (blank) is below it. The gumline is referred to as the (blank)

A

root

neck

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15
Q

The tooth is embedded into bone via the (blank)

A

peridontal ligament and cementum

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16
Q

The pulp chamber contains (blank) and (blank) and continues from the root to the neck into the crown.

A

nerves and blood vessels

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17
Q

(blank) is made up of tubules.

A

dentin

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18
Q

The gingival sulcus is the area that is measured to see the depth of your teeth. As you get older your gingival sulcus (blank) and exposes dental tubules to everything you eat and drink.

A

increases

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19
Q

Does enamel regenerate?

A

no

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20
Q

The (blank) surface is on top and the (blank) surface is underneath

A

dorsal

ventral

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21
Q

The lingual frenulum is on the ventral surface of the tongue and is the (blank) that connects you tongue to the bottom of your mouth. On either side of the frenulum are the deep (blank) veins

A

flap of skin

lingual veins

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22
Q

On dorsal surface of tongue-> anterior 2/3rds will contain (blank) . The posterior 1/3rd is (blank). What separates these two portions of the tongue?

A

4 types of lingual papilla
lingual tonsil.
sulcus terminalis

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23
Q

Where type of papillae is found on the sulcus terminalis?

A

circumvallate papillae

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24
Q

The papillae on the dorsal surface on the tongue is mostly (blank) papillae which lack (blank) but are used to create friction and to scrape things. Found on the sides/margin of the tongue are mostly (blank) papilla (have taste buds). The third kind found on the dorsal side of the tongue is the (BLANK) papilla but they disappear so you find them mostly in newborns.

A

filliform, taste buds
fungiform
foliate

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25
Taste buds are present on (blank), (blank) and (blank) papillae, and what three other places?
fungiform, foliate, circumvallate papillae | oral pharynx, soft palate, posterior surface of epiglottis
26
What are taste buds made up of?
neuroepithelial sensory cells supporting cells basal cells (stem cells)
27
(blank) consists of bone covered in keritinized stratified squamos epithelium.
Hard palate
28
The palate is composed of the soft and hard palate, the anterior 2/3rds is hard palate and is made up of (blank) epithelium while the posterior 1/3rd is soft palate made up of what 2 epitheliums
1: keritinized stratified squamos 2: respiratory (nasopharyngeal side) and stratified squamos epithelium
29
(blank) contracts during swallowing closing off the nasopharynx and consists of two surfaces
soft palate (skeletal muscle)
30
Major salivary glands are (blank) glands with long ducts emptying in oral cavities. The three main glands are the (blank X 3).
paired | parotid, submandibular, lingual
31
(blank) are located in submucosa of different parts of the oral cavity
minor salivary glands
32
The parotid gland empties into the (blank) and is located above the second molar
vestibule
33
The submandibular gland opens into the (blank)
oral cavity proper
34
What does this describe: - largest of salivary glands - serous secretion - 30% of saliva
parotid gland
35
What does this describe: - mixed gland - primarily serous - 60% of saliva - serous demilunes (?)
submandibular gland
36
What does this describe: - mixed gland - primarily mucous - 10% of salvia - serous demilunes (?)
Sublingual Gland
37
Glands are in (blank) and are composed of what?
pairs | either serious or mucous arranged in acini or tubules
38
(blank) secrete saliva through a series of intercalated, striated and interlobular ducts
salivary glands
39
(blank) moistens food, lubricates the GI tract, begins enzymatic digestion of carbohydrates
saliva
40
``` glands release (blank) and (blank) into the saliva 1-1.5 liters every day ```
lysozyme and IgA
41
What cell types are associated with salivary glands?
serous and mucous cells myoepithelial cells (contain myosin and actin) plasma cells/ IgA
42
What does myoepithelial cells do?
help squeeze saliva into oral cavity
43
Modulation of Salivary Composition and Osmolarity is performed by the (blank)
Duct Epithelium
44
Modulation of Salivary Volume is done by the (blank)
Autonomics parasympathetic increase volume -sympathetic decrease volume
45
What are the three kinds of lymphatic tissue found in the GI tract AKA GALT (gut associated lymphatic tissues)?
diffuse lymphatic tissue lymphatic nodules tonsils
46
What type of tonsils do you find in the GI tract?
``` -tonsillar ring (Waldeyer’s ring) palatine tonsils tubal tonsils pharyngeal tonsil (adenoids) lingual tonsil ```
47
Where do you find lymphatic nodules in the GI tract?
in the submucosa and LP
48
Where do you find submucosal glands?
submucosa of the esophagus and duodenum only
49
What kind of muscle does the musclaris layer have?
inner circular outter longitudinal ICOL
50
In the digestive tract, between submucosa and musclaris is a (blank). Between the musclaris and adventitia is the (blank)
``` submucosal plexus (Meissner’s plexus). Auerbach’s plexus. ```
51
In all parts of the digestive tract what is there always?
Always have a mucosa-> eptihelium with or without glands, basal lamina, LP and musclaris mucosa
52
The submucosa of the digestive tract have large (blank) the feed mucosa.
vessels
53
Where do you find villi in the digestive tract?
duodenum, jejunum, illium
54
Where are the crypt of the gland of liberkuhn?
in the mucosa
55
THe esophagus has a unique (Blank) because why>?
musclaris mucosa-> single longitudinal layer
56
In the esophagus, what does it have in it's submucosa?
esophageal glands proper
57
In the muscularis externa of the esophagus, there are how many regions?
3; striated, both striated and smooth, and just smooth | ILOC
58
Where do you find adventitia and serosa in the esophagus?
adventia above the diaphragm | serosa below the diaphragm
59
Where do you find the gastroesophageal sphincter?
in the esophagus where it attaches to the stomach. | GERD
60
What are pathologies of the esophagus?
GERD | Esophageal varices
61
What kind of epithelium does the esophagus have?
stratified squamos non keritinized.
62
What kind of muscle makes up the soft palate?
skeletal muscle
63
The esophagus has a outter muscularis mucosa made up of what ?
outter longitudinal muscle

Block 3 Week 1 (18 decks)

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