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Nervous System > Higher Cortical Functions > Flashcards

Higher Cortical Functions Flashcards

1
Q

What provides inputs to the cerebral cortex?

A

Thalamus

Cortical areas

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2
Q

What provides outputs from the cerebral cortex?

A

Pyramidal cells

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3
Q

What are the roles of the frontal lobe?

A 
Motor 
Expression of speech 
Behavioural regulation 
Cognition 
Eye movements 
Continence
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4
Q

What are the signs of a frontal lobe lesion?

A

Personality changes

Inability to solve problems

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5
Q

What are the roles of the parietal lobe?

A 
Sensory
Comprehension of speech 
Body image
Awareness of external enciromnent 
Calculation + writing
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6
Q

What are signs of a parietal lobe lesion?

A

Contralateral attention deficits

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7
Q

What are the roles of the temporal lobe?

A

Hearing
Olfaction
Memory
Emotion

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8
Q

What are signs of a temporal lobe lesion?

A

Recognition deficits

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9
Q

What is the role of the left hemisphere?

A

Sequential processing

  • language
  • maths
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10
Q

What is the role of the right hemisphere?

A

‘Whole picture’ processing

  • body image
  • visuospatial awareness
  • emotion
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11
Q

What is the corpus callosum?

A

Bundle of white matter connecting the hemispheres

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12
Q

What hemisphere are the language pathways normally in?

A

Dominant - left

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13
Q

What are the main areas of the language pathways?

A

Broca’s area

Wernicke’s area

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14
Q

Where is Broca’s area?

A

Inferior lateral frontal lobe

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15
Q

What is the role of Broca’s area?

A

Production of speech

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16
Q

Where is Wernicke’s area?

A

Superior temporal lobe

17
Q

What is the role of Wernicke’s area?

A

Interpretation of speech

18
Q

What connects Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas?

A

Arcuate fasciculus

19
Q

What is the pathway for repeating a heard word?

A

Primary sensory input from the ear -> Wernicke’s
Instructs Broca’s how to form the word
Broca’s translates into movement

20
Q

What is the pathway for speaking a written word?

A

Wernicke’s interprets written word from visual cortex

Broca’s translates it into speech

21
Q

What is the pathway for speaking a thought?

A

Inputs from cerebral cortex to Wernicke’s

Broca’s translates it into speech

22
Q

What is Broca’s aphasia?

A

Expressive aphasia
Understands what is said
But unable to fluently respond
Speaks in short sentences

23
Q

What is Wernicke’s aphasia?

A

Fluent aphaisa
Speak fluently
But do not understand what is says
Speak in nonsense

Nervous System (17 decks)

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