High Yield PTEexam review part 42-43 Flashcards

1
Q

Rank the VSD in terms of incidence from most common to least common (All 4)

A
  1. Membranous VSD - 70%
  2. Muscular (Trabecular) - 20%
  3. Inlet - 5%
  4. Outlet (Subpulmonic) 5%
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2
Q

What is the difference between piezoelectric effect* and *reverse piezoelectric effect?

A

piezoelectric = Conversion of sound to electrical signal

Reverse piezoelectric = Conversion of electrical signal to sound

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3
Q

What does the matching layer do to the energy of sound?

A

Increases efficiency of sound energy transfer into the body

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4
Q

What does the backing material layer function to do?

A
  1. Reduces ringing
  2. Shortens spatial pulse length
  3. Improves spatial resolution
  4. Decreases Q factor
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5
Q

What specific substance is found in the piezoelectric crystal?

A

Lead Zirconate Titanate

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6
Q

What is the formula for Q factor?

A

Resonant Frequency / Bandwidth

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7
Q

How would you calculate a right sided dP/dT?

A

Measure at 1 and 2 m/s on TR jet

Equation = (12 mmHg / time)

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8
Q

What is an abnormal RV dP/dT?

A

< 400 mmHg/sec = Abnormal

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9
Q

How would you calculate a myocardial performance index for the Right heart?

What is abnormal?

A

TG RV inflow / outflow

Abnormal = <0.4 via PWD

Abnormal = <0.55 in TDI

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10
Q

What is abnormal RV FAC?

What view is obtained here?

A

<35%

ME RV focused 4 chamber

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11
Q

What is abnormal RVEF by cardiac MRI?

A

<45%

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12
Q

What is Abnormal Tissue Doppler peak lateral tricuspid annulus systolic velocity (sā€™) of the RV?

A

< 10 cm/sec

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13
Q

What is abnormal RV free wall 2D strain?

A

A value more positive than -20 is abnormal

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14
Q

What value for RV isovolumetric acceleration is abnormal?

A

< 2.2 m/s2

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