HFAS Flashcards
Two types of Cost
Human and Economic Cost
terms that are the effects of accident to a worker
disability
loss of income
change in social life
death
Two types of economic cost
direct and indirect
It is a conceptual tool used to analyze the interaction of multiple system components, it provides a basic depiction of the relationship between humans and other workplace components.
Shell model
four components of shell model
software
hardware
environment
liveware
The critical focus of the model is the human participant, or Liveware,
the _____________ component in the system, the front
line of operations.
most critical and most flexible
Humans do not ________ perfectly with the various components
of the world in which they work.
interface
This interface refers to the relationship between the human and the
physical attributes of equipment, machines, and facilities.
The
human-technology interface is generally regarded in aviation operations
concerning human performance, and there is a normal human tendency
to respond to ______ malfunctions.
Liveware - Hardware (L-H)
__________ is the collective term that
refers to laws, rules, regulations, manuals, checklists, publications,
standard operating procedures (SOPs), and computer software.
Software
This interface is the relationship between the human and the supporting
systems found in the workplace.
To achieve safety, effective operation between __________, it is
essential to ensure that the software can be implemented. Also, it
involves issues such as experience recurrence, precision, format and
presentation, vocabulary, clarification, and symbology.
Liveware - Software (L-S)
This interface is the relationship among persons in the work environment.
It is necessary to note that communication and interpersonal skills and group dynamics
play a role in deciding human performance, given that flight crews, air traffic
controllers, aircraft maintenance engineers, and other operational staff work
collaboratively.
The development of crew resource management (CRM) and its
extension to air traffic services (ATS) and maintenance operations have emphasized
handling operational errors across several aviation domains.
Liveware - Liveware
It is a set of training procedures for use in environments where human error can have devastating effects. This is primarily used for improving aviation safety and focuses on interpersonal communication, leadership, and decision making in aircraft cockpits.
Crew Resource Management or Cockpit resource Management (CRM)
Founder of Crew Resource Management
David Beaty
What did David Beaty write?
The Human Factor in Aircraft Accidents
David Beaty was a former _____
Royal Air Force and a BOAC pilot
The interaction between the person and both the internal and external
environments is involved in this interface.
The interaction between the human internal and external
environment is also involved in this interface.
Liveware - Environment
Physical factors such as temperature, ambient light, noise, vibration, and air quality are included in __________
Internal Workplace Environment
Operational factors such as
weather, aviation facilities, and terrain are included in the __________.
External Environment
_____________ may either be caused by the L-E interaction
or derive from external secondary sources, including sickness, exhaustion, financial
uncertainties, and relationship and career issues.
Psychological and physiological forces
According to the SHELL Model, a ________ between
the Liveware and the other four components
contributes to human error. Thus, these
interactions must be assessed and considered in all sectors of the aviation system.
mismatch
It consists of Human, Machine, Medium,
Mission and Management, it represents another valuable visual conceptual model for examining the nature of accidents
The 5-Factor Model
It is a deliberate act or omission to deviate from established procedures, protocols, norms, or practices
violation
It is an unintentional action, inaction or departure from procedures and regulations
error
what is the difference between errors and violations
intent
two types of error
slips and lapses
mistakes
These are failures in the execution of the intended action.
Slips and lapses
These are action that do not go as planned
slips
these are memory failures
lapses
These are failure in the plan of action
Mistakes
What is the cause of errors?
Limitations in our information processing
capabilities and/or skill sets, attention,
resources, knowledge, memory, and motor
skills
What are the result of errors?
An incorrect decision / action
omission or recognition of feedback
How can you manage errors?
Reduction Strategies
Capturing Strategies
Tolerance Strategies
it reduces or prevent errors
reduction strategies
it trap errors before they do any harm
Capturing Strategies
It make our systems error tolerant
Tolerance Strategies
Error Management (Defences)
Error Reduction
Error Capture
Error Tolerance
It aims at avoiding the error
completely. It is possible only in some specific cases
and, almost without exception, requires design-based
solutions.
Error Prevention
IT aims at minimizing both the
likelihood and the magnitude of the error.
Error Reduction