Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Question 1

what are symptoms of hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer 1

Nausea, vomiting, fatigue, weight loss, hepatomegaly , fever

Question 2

what two symptoms are common with HCC

Answer 2

splenomegaly

Portal hypertension

Question 3

what kind of lesion does HCC appear as

Answer 3

Bullseye lesion

Question 4

what is HCC associated with

Answer 4

Cirrhosis
Chronic hepatitis
carcinogens

Question 5

what percentage of patients with cirrhosis develop HCC

Answer 5

80%

Question 6

what gender does HCC most commonly affect

Answer 6

men

Question 7

what does HCC appear as

Answer 7

Well defined isoechoic lesion

Question 8

what is the most common primary malignant carcinoma

Answer 8

HCC

Question 9

what are the three patterns of HCC?

Answer 9

1) Solitary massive tumor
2) Multiple nodules throughout the liver
3) Diffuse infiltrative masses

Question 10

the lesion may present as

Answer 10

focal lesion, an invasive lesion with necrosis and hemorrhage or a poorly defined lesion

Question 11

Carcinoma is _________invasive

Answer 11

Very invasive

Question 12

HCC can produce what

Answer 12

Budd-Chiari syndrome

Question 13

what does HCC tend to destroy

Answer 13

portal venous radicle walls with invasion into the lumen of a vessel

Question 14

what is the sonographic appearance

Answer 14

Variable

Question 15

Lesions may be _______

Answer 15

Isoechoic

Question 16

what may surround the lesion

Answer 16

thin, peripheral hypoechoic halo

Question 17

Overtime

Answer 17

Mass becomes more complex and inhomogeneous with resulting fibrosis and necrosis

Question 18

what indicates tumor invasion of vessels

Answer 18

internal echoes from portal veins, hepatic veins or inferior vena cava indicate tumor invasion or thrombosis within the vessel

Question 19

what can doppler help do

Answer 19

evaluate presence or clot or tumor invasion

Question 20

If obstruction is present

Answer 20

Doppler flow will be abnormal