Hepatocellular Carcinoma Flashcards
what are symptoms of hepatocellular carcinoma
Nausea, vomiting, fatigue, weight loss, hepatomegaly , fever
what two symptoms are common with HCC
splenomegaly
Portal hypertension
what kind of lesion does HCC appear as
Bullseye lesion
what is HCC associated with
Cirrhosis
Chronic hepatitis
carcinogens
what percentage of patients with cirrhosis develop HCC
80%
what gender does HCC most commonly affect
men
what does HCC appear as
Well defined isoechoic lesion
what is the most common primary malignant carcinoma
HCC
what are the three patterns of HCC?
1) Solitary massive tumor
2) Multiple nodules throughout the liver
3) Diffuse infiltrative masses
the lesion may present as
focal lesion, an invasive lesion with necrosis and hemorrhage or a poorly defined lesion
Carcinoma is _________invasive
Very invasive
HCC can produce what
Budd-Chiari syndrome
what does HCC tend to destroy
portal venous radicle walls with invasion into the lumen of a vessel
what is the sonographic appearance
Variable
Lesions may be _______
Isoechoic
what may surround the lesion
thin, peripheral hypoechoic halo
Overtime
Mass becomes more complex and inhomogeneous with resulting fibrosis and necrosis
what indicates tumor invasion of vessels
internal echoes from portal veins, hepatic veins or inferior vena cava indicate tumor invasion or thrombosis within the vessel
what can doppler help do
evaluate presence or clot or tumor invasion
If obstruction is present
Doppler flow will be abnormal
