Hepatitis A Flashcards
Rules regarding blood borne pathogens are established by:
OSHA
Inflammation of the liver:
hepatitis
What are the 7 things associated with acute hepatitis?
1) Fatigue
2) Abdominal pain
3) Loss of appetite
4) Nausea
5) Vomiting
6) Darkening of urine
7) Jaundice
What causes jaundice?
buildup of bilirubin in the blood
Bilirubin is a biproduct of:
hemoglobin metabolism
Chronic hepatitis can lead to:
fibrosis –> cirrhosis
“infectious hepatitis” = ?
Hepatitis A
“serum hepatitis” = ?
Hepatitis B
Alcohol abuse, some drugs (like ___), and toxic chemicals (like __ __) can also cause or worsen hepatitis.
- acetaminophen
- organic solvents
What types of viral hepatitis are RNA viruses?
Hepatitis A and C
What type of capsid does Hepatitis A have?
Icos
Does Hepatitis A have an envelope?
No - it is a naked virus
What family is Hepatitis A in?
Picorna-
Since most recent outbreaks of Hepatitis A, there have been ___ cases.
25,000
What type of viral hepatitis is mostly transmitted fecal-orally?
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis A can be transmitted through contaminated food, such as:
vegetables and shellfish
“short incubation hepatitis” = ?
Hepatitis A
“long incubation hepatitis” = ?
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis A causes __ infection only.
acute
Chronic carrier states are seen with what viral hepatitis?
Hepatitis B or C
Symptoms for Hepatitis A typically last:
8 weeks
What is the incubation period for Hepatitis A?
15-45 days (about 1 month)
Viral hepatitis that is a typical enterovirus in most ways; it is very hard to decontaminate due to it being resistant to heat and disinfectants.
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis A has an __RNA genome
+ssRNA genome
Hepatitis A is mostly released from cells by:
exocytosis
The Hepatitis A pathogenesis is the result of:
T cell immune response in the liver, not by the virus itself; the body causes the pathogenesis!
What are the ways to test for Hepatitis A?
1) Antibodies present in body against Hepatitis A
2) High liver enzymes (aminotransferases)
What are the three main prevention and treatment options for Hepatitis A?
Hygiene, vaccines, and immune serum
Discuss the vaccine for Hepatitis A.
- Inactivated
- 100% effective
- Recommended for travelers
- Once you get the vaccine, you have life-long immunity
How does one get life-long immunity to Hepatitis A?
Vaccine or Hepatitis A infection
Under what circumstance is the immune serum given for Hepatitis A?
Immune serum has antibodies that can be given to travelers PRE-exposure if they’re leaving for travel too soon for the actual vaccine to work
Immune serum can also be given POST-exposure as prevention for worsening of symptoms
Vaccines for Hepatitis A can be administered up to __ post exposure.
2 weeks
HAV vaccine is an:
inactivated virus vaccine
