Hepatitis A Flashcards

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1
Q

Rules regarding blood borne pathogens are established by:

A

OSHA

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2
Q

Inflammation of the liver:

A

hepatitis

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3
Q

What are the 7 things associated with acute hepatitis?

A

1) Fatigue
2) Abdominal pain
3) Loss of appetite
4) Nausea
5) Vomiting
6) Darkening of urine
7) Jaundice

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4
Q

What causes jaundice?

A

buildup of bilirubin in the blood

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5
Q

Bilirubin is a biproduct of:

A

hemoglobin metabolism

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6
Q

Chronic hepatitis can lead to:

A

fibrosis –> cirrhosis

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7
Q

“infectious hepatitis” = ?

A

Hepatitis A

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8
Q

“serum hepatitis” = ?

A

Hepatitis B

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9
Q

Alcohol abuse, some drugs (like ___), and toxic chemicals (like __ __) can also cause or worsen hepatitis.

A
  • acetaminophen

- organic solvents

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10
Q

What types of viral hepatitis are RNA viruses?

A

Hepatitis A and C

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11
Q

What type of capsid does Hepatitis A have?

A

Icos

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12
Q

Does Hepatitis A have an envelope?

A

No - it is a naked virus

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13
Q

What family is Hepatitis A in?

A

Picorna-

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14
Q

Since most recent outbreaks of Hepatitis A, there have been ___ cases.

A

25,000

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15
Q

What type of viral hepatitis is mostly transmitted fecal-orally?

A

Hepatitis A

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16
Q

Hepatitis A can be transmitted through contaminated food, such as:

A

vegetables and shellfish

17
Q

“short incubation hepatitis” = ?

A

Hepatitis A

18
Q

“long incubation hepatitis” = ?

A

Hepatitis B

19
Q

Hepatitis A causes __ infection only.

A

acute

20
Q

Chronic carrier states are seen with what viral hepatitis?

A

Hepatitis B or C

21
Q

Symptoms for Hepatitis A typically last:

A

8 weeks

22
Q

What is the incubation period for Hepatitis A?

A

15-45 days (about 1 month)

23
Q

Viral hepatitis that is a typical enterovirus in most ways; it is very hard to decontaminate due to it being resistant to heat and disinfectants.

A

Hepatitis A

24
Q

Hepatitis A has an __RNA genome

A

+ssRNA genome

25
Q

Hepatitis A is mostly released from cells by:

A

exocytosis

26
Q

The Hepatitis A pathogenesis is the result of:

A

T cell immune response in the liver, not by the virus itself; the body causes the pathogenesis!

27
Q

What are the ways to test for Hepatitis A?

A

1) Antibodies present in body against Hepatitis A

2) High liver enzymes (aminotransferases)

28
Q

What are the three main prevention and treatment options for Hepatitis A?

A

Hygiene, vaccines, and immune serum

29
Q

Discuss the vaccine for Hepatitis A.

A
  • Inactivated
  • 100% effective
  • Recommended for travelers
  • Once you get the vaccine, you have life-long immunity
30
Q

How does one get life-long immunity to Hepatitis A?

A

Vaccine or Hepatitis A infection

31
Q

Under what circumstance is the immune serum given for Hepatitis A?

A

Immune serum has antibodies that can be given to travelers PRE-exposure if they’re leaving for travel too soon for the actual vaccine to work

Immune serum can also be given POST-exposure as prevention for worsening of symptoms

32
Q

Vaccines for Hepatitis A can be administered up to __ post exposure.

A

2 weeks

33
Q

HAV vaccine is an:

A

inactivated virus vaccine