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GI - mine > Hepatitis > Flashcards

Hepatitis Flashcards

1
Q

what serology would you find in acute hep B

A

HBsAG
HBeAG
anti-HBc
IgM anti-HBC

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2
Q

what is HBsAG, what does it indicate

A

hep B surface antigen

indicates hep B infection

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3
Q

what is HBeAG, what does it indicate

A

hep B e antigen

indicates highly infectious state

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4
Q

what is anti-HBsAg, what does it indicate

A

antibody to hep B surface antigen

indicates clinical recovery and immunity to hep B virus

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5
Q

what is anti-HBe

A

antibody to hep B e antigen

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6
Q

what is anti-HBc, what does high levels indicate

A

antibody to HB core antigen

high levels indicate acute infection

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7
Q

what does anti-HBsAg with no HBsAg indicate

A

recovery from hep B infection
absence of infection
immunity from future hep B infection

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8
Q

what does HBeAg persisting >10 weeks indicate

A

chronic carrier state

possibly chronic hepatitis

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9
Q

what serology would you find in an immune individual following hep B infection

A

Anti-HBs
Anti-HBc
Anti-Heb may be present

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10
Q

what serology would you find in an immune individual following immunisation

A

Anti-HBs

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11
Q

what serology would you find in an individual with ACTIVE chronic hep B

A

HBsAg
Anti-HBc
HBeAg may be present
Anti-HBe may be present

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12
Q

what serology would you find in an individual who is an inactive carrier of hep B

A

HBsAg
Anti-HBe
Anti-HBc

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13
Q

what is the most common type of hepatitis

A

hep A

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14
Q

what is the transmission route of hep A

A

faecal-oral

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15
Q

what is the incubation period of hep A

A

short

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16
Q

does hep have a carrier state

A

no

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17
Q

what are the symptoms of a hep A

A

acute hepatitis

non-specific symptoms

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18
Q

what causes hep A infection

A

Ebstein-Barr virus

19
Q

what investigations would you do to diagnose hepatitis

A

FBC
serology = Hep A IgM
LFT’s

20
Q

what would the LFTs show in hep A

A

raised AST, ALT and bilirubin

21
Q

how is hep B transmitted

A

sexually
mother to child
blood (IVDU)

22
Q

do carriers of hep B exist

A

yes

23
Q

what is a common cause of hep B

A

yellow fever virus

24
Q

treatment of hep B

A

adefovir

entecavir

25
Q

what is the most common hep in UK

A

hep C

26
Q

how is hep C transmitted

A

via blood, maybe sexually

27
Q

common cause of hep C

A

herpes simplex virus

28
Q

symptoms of hep C

A

asymptomatic
10% = mild flu like symptoms
jaundice
raised ALT

29
Q

treatment of hep C

A

interferon alpha

PEG-interferons + ribavirin

30
Q

wha t is hep D associated with, why?

A

found with hep B

hep D can’t replicate in its own so must be activated by HBV

31
Q

how is hep E spread

A

faecal-oral

zoonoses (via aninmals)

32
Q

common cause of hep E

A

cytomegalovirus (found in tropics)

33
Q

what are the risk factors for auto-immune hepatitis

A

female

other autoimmune conditions

34
Q

type 1 autoimmune hepatitis affects who

A

children and young adults

35
Q

type 2 autoimmune hepatitis affects who

A

adults only

36
Q

clinical presentation of autoimmune hepatitis

A

normal liver disease symptoms

elevated IgG

37
Q

treatment of autoimmune hepatitis

A

azathioprine

prednisone

38
Q

What would indicate alcoholic hepatitis

A

recent excess of alcohol

39
Q

what would indicate chronic drug induced hepatitis

A

IVDU

40
Q

what can drug induced hepatitis trigger

A

autoimmune hepatitis

41
Q

treatment of hep A

A

supportive

vaccine

42
Q

what are the outcomes of hep B

A

chronic hepatitis
hep D
fulminant acute infection
hepatocellular carcinoma

43
Q

what pathology would you find in autoimmune hepatitis

A

piecemeal necrosis
elevated IgG and ASMA
portal hepatitis

44
Q

what is the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis

A

corticosteroids (acute phase)

add in azathioprine

GI - mine (17 decks)

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