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GI - mine > focal liver lesions > Flashcards

focal liver lesions Flashcards

1
Q

what are the benign types of lesion

A

haemangioma
focal nodular hyperplasia
adenoma
liver cysts

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2
Q

what are the malignant types of lesion

A

hepatocellular carcinoma
cholangiocarcinoma
hepatoblastoma
metastases

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3
Q

what are the types liver cysts

A 
simple
hydatid
atypical 
polycystic liver disease 
pyogenic/amoebic abscess
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4
Q

what type of lesion is the most common

A

haemangioma

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5
Q

describe a haemangioma

A

usually single small, well demarcated capsule

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6
Q

risk factors for haemangioma

A

female

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7
Q

symptoms of haemangioma

A

usually asymptomatic

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8
Q

what is a focal nodular hyperplasia

A

benign nodule formation of normal liver tissue

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9
Q

what is focal nodular hyperplasia associated with

A

osier-weber-rendu

liver haemangioma

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10
Q

what is the classical presentation of focal nodular hyperplasia

A

centra scar containing a large artery, radiating branches to the periphery (think of a hub and spoke)

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11
Q

risk factors for focal nodular hyperplasia

A

young or middle aged woman

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12
Q

what is a liver adenoma

A

benign neoplasm composed of normal hepatocytes with no portal tract, central veins or bile duct involvement

usually solitary fat containing lesion located in the right lobe

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13
Q

treatment of a liver adenoma in males

A

surgical excision

weight loss

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14
Q

treatment of liver adenoma in females

A

<5cm or reducing in size = annual MRI

>5cm or increasing in size = surgical excision

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15
Q

what is a simple liver cyst

A

liquid collection lined by an epithelium

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16
Q

what is a hydatid cyst

A

Echinoccocus granulosus (tape worm eggs)

17
Q

where are hydatid cysts common

A

Eastern Europe, Central and South America, Middle East and North Africa,

18
Q

what is the treatment of hydatid cysts

A

surgery
albendazole
percutaneous drainage

19
Q

what is polycystic liver disease

A

embryonic ductal plate malformation of the intrahepatic biliary tree

20
Q

what is the most common liver cancer

A

hepatocellular carcinoma

21
Q

risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma

A

cirrhosis and anything that causes it (hep C, hep B, alcohol)

22
Q

what other type of cancer can affect the liver

A

cholangiocarcinoma

23
Q

what type of cholangiocarcinoma is most common

A

fibrolamellar carcinoma

24
Q

when does fibrolamellar carcinoma present

A

5-35yrs

25
Q

what causes hepatic encephalopathy

A

severe hepatitis failure which results in a build of NH3 due to failure to detoxify NH3 into urea

26
Q

what is the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy

A

lactulose

antibiotic (neomycin, rifaximin)

27
Q

increased AFP (alfa fetoprotein) is a buzzword for what

A

hepatocellular carcinoma

GI - mine (17 decks)

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