Hemolytic transfusion reactions NEJM

Question 1

Pathophysiology

Answer 1

Question 2

Pathophysiology and
Clinical Manifestations

Answer 2

An acute hemolytic transfusion reaction is considered
to be a medical emergency. Although fever,
flank pain, and reddish urine represent the classic
triad of an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction,
this type of reaction may also be suspected if one
or more of the following signs or symptoms appears
within minutes to 24 hours after a transfusion:
a temperature increase of 1°C or more, chills,
rigors, respiratory distress, anxiety, pain at the
infusion site, flank or back pain, hypotension, or
oliguria. One fascinating early symptom, a “sense
of impending doom,” has been reported by numerous
patients and is possibly the equivalent of
the “oppressive sensation in the chest” reported
in the 17th century by Denis’s patient; it should
not be ignored.

Question 3

Summary

Answer 3

Question 4

Categories of reactions

Answer 4

Question 5

Diagnosis with coombs?

Answer 5