Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathology Exam II > Hemodynamic Disorders V > Flashcards

Hemodynamic Disorders V Flashcards

1
Q

infarction

A

death of tissue due to interruption in blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

time until cellular death due to hypoxia of neuron

A

3-4 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

time until cellular death of due to hypoxia of myocardium

A

20-30 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

time until cellular death of fibroblast due to hypoxia

A

hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the typical shape of infartion

A

wedge-shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When do you get a red (hemorrhagic) infart

A

venous occlusion
loose tissues
tissues w/dual circulation
tissues previously congested due to sluggish flow
re-established blood flow to a site of previous arterial occlusion and necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

white (anemic) infart

A

typically of arterial occlusion in solid organs with limitation of blood flow into areas of ischemic necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the dominant histologic characteristic of infarction

A

ischemic coagulative necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how can you tell that an MI is several days old based on histology

A

dense polymorphonuclear leukocytic inflammatory infilitrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

when do you get a septic infarct

A

when the origin of an embolus is infected tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the major source of septic emboli

A

vegetations formed by bacteria growing on heart valves in bacterial endocarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

shock

A

inadequate blood flow secondary to decreased CO or maldistributed output that results in irreversible tissue damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

sequela of shock

A

hypotension
impaired tissue perfusion
cellular hypoxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

examples of things that can cause cardiogenic shock

A

infarction
arrythmia
tamponade
pulmonary embolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

examples of things that can cause hypvolemic sshock

A

hemorrhage
fluid loss
burns
trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

examples of things that can cause septic shock

A

septicemia
systemic microbial infection
endotoxic shock

17
Q

neurogenic shock

A

neuogenic dysfunction causes loss of vascular tone and peripheral pooling of blood

18
Q

anaphylatic shock

A

generalized IgE mediated type I hypersentiviy reaction

19
Q

etiological classification

A 
Septic
Spinal
Hypovolemic
Hemorrhagiv
Obstructive
Cardiogenic
Cellular toxin
Anaphylactic
Endocrine
20
Q

the 5 unifying features of shock

A 
intracellular calcium overload
intracellular hydrogen ion
cellular and interstitial edema
catabolic metabolism
inflammation
21
Q

how many of the criteria do you need for shock in rosen’s empiric critiria

A

4 out of 6

22
Q

what is rosen’s empriic critia

A 
ill apparence
HR >100
RR >22
acidic
deceased urine output
hypotension
23
Q

nonpregressive stage of shock

A

reflex compensation

mechanisms maintain tissue perfusion

24
Q

progressive stage of shock

A

worsening circulatory/metabolic imbalance

acidosis

25
Q

irreversible stage of shock

A

irreversible tissue damage

26
Q

what is cardiogenic shock

A

decreased CO and evidence of tissue hypoxia

27
Q

criteria for cardiogenic shock

A

hypotension
30 mmHG below baseline
deceased cardiac output/SA
increased PCWP

28
Q

how do you treat hemorrhagic shock

A

crystalloid bolus
blood transfusion prn
identify/treat cause

29
Q

advantages to colloids

A

less fluid required
more volume in vascular space
potential to draw fluid in from tissues

30
Q

disadvantages to colloids

A

expensive
allergic reactions
coagulopathies

31
Q

what cytokines are you going to see from first to last

A

LPS
TNF
IL-1
IL6/8

32
Q

sepsis

A

systemic inflammtory response syndrome + documented infection

33
Q

severe sepsis

A

sepsis + multi organ dysfunction

34
Q

septic shock

A

sepsis + hypotension refractory to volume resuscitation

35
Q

spinal shock

A

initial loss of spinal cord function following spinal cord injury

36
Q

why do you get hypotension due to neurogenic shock

A

loss of sympathetic tone, thus vasodilation and decreased SVR
only occurs with lesions at or above T6

37
Q

why do you get bradycardia due to neurogenic shock

A

unopposed parasympathetic tone to heart

38
Q

when do yo usee neurogenic shock with bradycardia

A

lesions at or above T4

Pathology Exam II (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions