Hematology Flashcards
hematopoiesis
blood cells continuously produce in the bone marrow
all blood cells arise from the stem cell pluripotent
blood functions
transport, protection, and regulation
O2/nutrient transport, clotting proteins, antibody and cellular protection against infection, waste removal through kidneys and liver, body temperature regulation
hematology
study of blood
blood is a tissue
why do we study hematology?
for diagnostic evaluation of disease and screening prior to surgery
what should be considered prior to blood draw?
which diagnostics are needed?, determine which blood collection tube should be used, figure out how you are going to collect (needles, syringes, butterfly catheters), determine blood vessel you are going to draw from (bigger vein flows quicker), will the patient need to fast beforehand?
larger needle does what to cells?
increases damage to cells
why do you need to watch syringe suction?
it can increase damage to cells
what should you prepare environment wise for blood draws?
make the environment as stress free as possible
tourniquet, towels, sedation, etc
stress can alter test results (especially in cats) and success of blood draw
how do you determine needle size for venipuncture?
needle size should match vein size
what are the different types of blood collection tubes?
anticoagulants and chemistries
anticoagulant blood tubes
purple top: EDTA
green top: Heparin
blue top: Citrate
chemistry tubes
red/tiger top: no additives, serum separator tube
what tests are used for each type of blood tube?
EDTA: CBC
Heparin: CBC and chemistry
Citrate: coagulation test
microtainers
holds 0.1-0.5 mL of blood
tips for taking a blood sample
never push blood through the needle, invert anticoagulant tubes immediately (don’t shake), refrigerate if not used within 1 hour, valid if used within 1 week
