Hema Lec #4: Mechanism of Hemostasis & Coagulation

Question 1

Which of the following is true about the lumen of blood vessel:

a. continuous, multiple layer of endothelial cells
b. Outer side of the blood vessel is attached to positively-charged basement membrane
c. basement membrane is collagen rich which makes the endothelial lining also positively charged
d. collagen influences/responsible for the negative charge of the basement membrane

Answer 1

d. collagen influences/responsible for the negative charge of the basement membrane

Question 2

Any subtance that can activate platelets

Answer 2

Platelet Agonist

Question 3

What substance in vivo that can activate platelet?

Answer 3

collagen

Question 4

What substance in vitro that can activate platelet?

Answer 4

glass

Question 5

What are the events in the primary hemostasis?

Answer 5

vasoconstriction and formation of primary platelet plug

Question 6

what events that their primary objective is to minimize the flow of blood to the injured area

Answer 6

vasoconstriction

Question 7

T/F. Coagulation factors are proteins synthesized in the Kidney.

Answer 7

false. Liver

Question 8

T/F. Fibrinolytic system will destroy the stabilized clot at the damaged site to promote collagen repair and will have an outcome of wound healing

Answer 8

true

Question 9

it is the response of the blood vessels to the injury.

Answer 9

vasoconstriction

Question 10

it is the architectural support of the sub-endothelium

Answer 10

negatively-charged basement membrane

Question 11

name the substance that endothelial cells secretes within the lumen

Answer 11

collagen, elastin, mucopolysaccharides, laminen, fibronectin, Von Willebrand Factor, vitronectin, and thrombospondin

Question 12

where does vwf stored when collagen is not exposed to platelets?

Answer 12

Weibel-Palade bodies

Question 13

endothelial cells also secrete substance that can activate the fibrinolytic systems. enumerate those substance

Answer 13

tissue plasminogen activator, plasminogen inhibitor activator, collagenase

Question 14

Endothelial cells also produce this subtance that is naturally occuring anticoagulant

Answer 14

heparan sulfate

Question 15

it is a naturally occuring anticoagulant in the lumen of BV that maintains the blood in its liquid form

Answer 15

heparan sulfate

Question 16

A potent vasodilator and the reason why vasoconstriction always fails in hemostasis

Answer 16

prostacyclin

Question 17

T/F. Levels of Prostacyclin in an intact lumen of a bv is low because it is normally secreted outside of the subendothelium

Answer 17

false. levels of it are high because it is normally secreted by the subendothelium

Question 18

What are the substances present in the connective tissue that also gives connective tissue rich in collagen

Answer 18

fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells

Question 19

T/F. connective tissue is collagen rich because it influences the negativity of the subendothelium. Also, it is compromised with 2 different population of cells that secretes collagen.

Answer 19

true

Question 20

What facilitates the initial response of cells to blood vessel injury?

Answer 20

smooth muscle cells

Question 21

What are the 3 substances that can prolong the vasoconstriction?

Answer 21

serotonin, thromboxane A2, Endothelin-1

Question 22

one of the three substances that can prolong vasoconstriction but it produced from the damaged endothelial lining not from the platelet

Answer 22

Endothelin-1

Question 23

T/F. prostacyclin is not normally present in the lumen but it has high levels that’s why it can overpower the substances that can prolong vasoconstriction

Answer 23

False. normally seen in the BV

Question 24

What is the humoral factor/main hormone involved in platelet development?

Answer 24

thrombopoietin

Question 25

What is the shape of platelets in circulating?

Answer 25

discoid shape

Question 26

shape of platelets when it is activated

Answer 26

spherical structure with spiny projection

Question 27

shelf-life of platelet

Answer 27

9.5 days

Question 28

outer layer of phospholipid membrane is composed of 2 different types of phospholipids. name the two

Answer 28

phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin

Question 29

T/F. the 2 different types of phospholipids in outer layer of phospholipiod membrane are negatively charged which is responsible for making the outer membrane of the plts negatively charged

Answer 29

false. neutral charged not responsible for the negatively-charged

Question 30

inner latyer are composed of 3 phospholipids. mname the three

Answer 30

phosphatidylserine
phosphatidylinositol
phosphatidylethanolamine

Question 31

T/F. the three phospholipids in the inner layer are negatively charged which is responsible for the negativity of the outer membrane

Answer 31

true

Question 32

T/F. outer membrane platelets does not only compromised phospholipids but also glycoproteins

Answer 32

true

Question 33

What glycoprotein responsible for adhesion function in the platelet

Answer 33

GP Ib/IX or Glycoproten one b and nine

Question 34

What glycoprotein responsible for aggregation function in platelet

Answer 34

GP IIb/IIIa

Question 35

It is the receptor site primarily for Von Willebrand Factor on the outer membrane. it is also the receptor site for thrombin and ristocetin

Answer 35

GP Ib/IX

Question 36

What is the name for the specific VWF receptor site at GPIb alpha

Answer 36

glycocalicin

Question 37

A glycoprotein that is primary receptor site for fibrinogen and fibronectin

Answer 37

GP IIb/IIIa

Question 38

responble for the spiny projection of platelet

Answer 38

GP IIb/IIIa

Question 39

T/F. GP Ib/IX is a latent receptor

Answer 39

false. GP IIb/IIIa

Question 40

most numerous granules in the organelle zone

Answer 40

alpha granules

Question 41

it is a hemostatic proteins in alpha granules that is responsible for fibrin formation

Answer 41

Factor V

Question 42

it is a hemostatic proteins in alpha granules that is responsible for platelet adhesion; carrier of protein factor VIII for fibrin formation

Answer 42

von willebrand factor

Question 43

it is a hemostatic proteins in alpha granules that converted to plasmin that lyses fibrin

Answer 43

plasminogen

Question 44

it is a hemostatic proteins in alpha granules that inhibits activation of fibrinolysis

Answer 44

plasminogen activator inhibitor !

Question 45

it is a hemostatic proteins in alpha granules inhibits plasmin

Answer 45

a2-antiplasmin

Question 46

It is a non hemostatic proteins in alpha granules found in platelets that inactivates heparin and is chemotactic for neutrophil. this subtance is not the primary inhibitor of heparin

Answer 46

B-thromboglobulin

Question 47

It is a non hemostatic proteins in alpha granules found in platelets that primarily inactivates heparin

Answer 47

Platelet Factor 4

Question 48

It is a non hemostatic proteins in alpha granules found in platelets that promotes growth of smooth muscle cells

Answer 48

Platelet derived growth factor

Question 49

It is a non hemostatic proteins in alpha granules not found in platelets that stabilizes the aggregation of the platelet at the site of injury;

Answer 49

thrombospondin

Question 50

It is a non hemostatic proteins in alpha granules not found in platelets that their function is unknown but may help bind platelets to various proteins at the wound site

Answer 50

fibronectin

Question 51

responsible for the hples in the external surface of the platelet

Answer 51

membrane system

Question 52

A membrane system that is responsible for platelet storage and more importantly for secretion of its granules

Answer 52

open canalicular system

Question 53

A membrane system that their channel does not link or connect to the external surface of the platelet. It function as storage of calcium ions

Answer 53

Dense tubular system

Question 54

Most powerful platelet agonist

Answer 54

thromboxane a2

Question 55

unsaturated fatty acid which is the primary component of the platelets’ bilayer of phospholipid

Answer 55

arachidonic acid

Question 56

T/F. When collagen is exposed, coagulation system is activated.

Answer 56

True kay … ang coag is already activated man buttt nag paabot lang siya sa iyang term na mo stabilize sa primary platelet plug.

Sir ken’s: tissue factor released into the famaged area, coag system is already activated but cannot commence. Means its already sctivated because its waiting for the primary hemostasis to be completed. Kay kung adto pa siya mo activate hapit na mahuman ang primary hemostasis, too long na kaayo tendency reinitiate bleeding

Question 57

A second set of platelets that gets recruited by a certain subtance

Answer 57

ADP-stimulated platelets

Question 58

what are the two type of phospholipids in the outer layer of phospholipids membrabe? state also their charge

Answer 58

phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin

neutrally-charged

Question 59

what are the three type of phospholipids in the innrer layer of phospholipids membrane? state also their charge

Answer 59

phosphatidylinositol
phosphatidylserine
phosphatidylethanolamine

Question 60

name for specific vwf receptor site at GPIB alpha

Answer 60

glycocalicin

Question 61

primary receptor site of fibrinogen

Answer 61

glycoprotein IIb/IIIa

Question 62

most abundant coag factor

Answer 62

fibrinogen