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Hematology > Hema Lec #4: Mechanism of Hemostasis & Coagulation > Flashcards

Hema Lec #4: Mechanism of Hemostasis & Coagulation Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is true about the lumen of blood vessel:

a. continuous, multiple layer of endothelial cells
b. Outer side of the blood vessel is attached to positively-charged basement membrane
c. basement membrane is collagen rich which makes the endothelial lining also positively charged
d. collagen influences/responsible for the negative charge of the basement membrane

A

d. collagen influences/responsible for the negative charge of the basement membrane

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2
Q

Any subtance that can activate platelets

A

Platelet Agonist

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3
Q

What substance in vivo that can activate platelet?

A

collagen

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4
Q

What substance in vitro that can activate platelet?

A

glass

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5
Q

What are the events in the primary hemostasis?

A

vasoconstriction and formation of primary platelet plug

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6
Q

what events that their primary objective is to minimize the flow of blood to the injured area

A

vasoconstriction

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7
Q

T/F. Coagulation factors are proteins synthesized in the Kidney.

A

false. Liver

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8
Q

T/F. Fibrinolytic system will destroy the stabilized clot at the damaged site to promote collagen repair and will have an outcome of wound healing

A

true

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9
Q

it is the response of the blood vessels to the injury.

A

vasoconstriction

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10
Q

it is the architectural support of the sub-endothelium

A

negatively-charged basement membrane

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11
Q

name the substance that endothelial cells secretes within the lumen

A

collagen, elastin, mucopolysaccharides, laminen, fibronectin, Von Willebrand Factor, vitronectin, and thrombospondin

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12
Q

where does vwf stored when collagen is not exposed to platelets?

A

Weibel-Palade bodies

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13
Q

endothelial cells also secrete substance that can activate the fibrinolytic systems. enumerate those substance

A

tissue plasminogen activator, plasminogen inhibitor activator, collagenase

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14
Q

Endothelial cells also produce this subtance that is naturally occuring anticoagulant

A

heparan sulfate

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15
Q

it is a naturally occuring anticoagulant in the lumen of BV that maintains the blood in its liquid form

A

heparan sulfate

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16
Q

A potent vasodilator and the reason why vasoconstriction always fails in hemostasis

A

prostacyclin

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17
Q

T/F. Levels of Prostacyclin in an intact lumen of a bv is low because it is normally secreted outside of the subendothelium

A

false. levels of it are high because it is normally secreted by the subendothelium

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18
Q

What are the substances present in the connective tissue that also gives connective tissue rich in collagen

A

fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells

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19
Q

T/F. connective tissue is collagen rich because it influences the negativity of the subendothelium. Also, it is compromised with 2 different population of cells that secretes collagen.

A

true

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20
Q

What facilitates the initial response of cells to blood vessel injury?

A

smooth muscle cells

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21
Q

What are the 3 substances that can prolong the vasoconstriction?

A

serotonin, thromboxane A2, Endothelin-1

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22
Q

one of the three substances that can prolong vasoconstriction but it produced from the damaged endothelial lining not from the platelet

A

Endothelin-1

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23
Q

T/F. prostacyclin is not normally present in the lumen but it has high levels that’s why it can overpower the substances that can prolong vasoconstriction

A

False. normally seen in the BV

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24
Q

What is the humoral factor/main hormone involved in platelet development?

A

thrombopoietin

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25
Q

What is the shape of platelets in circulating?

A

discoid shape

26
Q

shape of platelets when it is activated

A

spherical structure with spiny projection

27
Q

shelf-life of platelet

A

9.5 days

28
Q

outer layer of phospholipid membrane is composed of 2 different types of phospholipids. name the two

A

phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin

29
Q

T/F. the 2 different types of phospholipids in outer layer of phospholipiod membrane are negatively charged which is responsible for making the outer membrane of the plts negatively charged

A

false. neutral charged not responsible for the negatively-charged

30
Q

inner latyer are composed of 3 phospholipids. mname the three

A

phosphatidylserine
phosphatidylinositol
phosphatidylethanolamine

31
Q

T/F. the three phospholipids in the inner layer are negatively charged which is responsible for the negativity of the outer membrane

A

true

32
Q

T/F. outer membrane platelets does not only compromised phospholipids but also glycoproteins

A

true

33
Q

What glycoprotein responsible for adhesion function in the platelet

A

GP Ib/IX or Glycoproten one b and nine

34
Q

What glycoprotein responsible for aggregation function in platelet

A

GP IIb/IIIa

35
Q

It is the receptor site primarily for Von Willebrand Factor on the outer membrane. it is also the receptor site for thrombin and ristocetin

A

GP Ib/IX

36
Q

What is the name for the specific VWF receptor site at GPIb alpha

A

glycocalicin

37
Q

A glycoprotein that is primary receptor site for fibrinogen and fibronectin

A

GP IIb/IIIa

38
Q

responble for the spiny projection of platelet

A

GP IIb/IIIa

39
Q

T/F. GP Ib/IX is a latent receptor

A

false. GP IIb/IIIa

40
Q

most numerous granules in the organelle zone

A

alpha granules

41
Q

it is a hemostatic proteins in alpha granules that is responsible for fibrin formation

A

Factor V

42
Q

it is a hemostatic proteins in alpha granules that is responsible for platelet adhesion; carrier of protein factor VIII for fibrin formation

A

von willebrand factor

43
Q

it is a hemostatic proteins in alpha granules that converted to plasmin that lyses fibrin

A

plasminogen

44
Q

it is a hemostatic proteins in alpha granules that inhibits activation of fibrinolysis

A

plasminogen activator inhibitor !

45
Q

it is a hemostatic proteins in alpha granules inhibits plasmin

A

a2-antiplasmin

46
Q

It is a non hemostatic proteins in alpha granules found in platelets that inactivates heparin and is chemotactic for neutrophil. this subtance is not the primary inhibitor of heparin

A

B-thromboglobulin

47
Q

It is a non hemostatic proteins in alpha granules found in platelets that primarily inactivates heparin

A

Platelet Factor 4

48
Q

It is a non hemostatic proteins in alpha granules found in platelets that promotes growth of smooth muscle cells

A

Platelet derived growth factor

49
Q

It is a non hemostatic proteins in alpha granules not found in platelets that stabilizes the aggregation of the platelet at the site of injury;

A

thrombospondin

50
Q

It is a non hemostatic proteins in alpha granules not found in platelets that their function is unknown but may help bind platelets to various proteins at the wound site

A

fibronectin

51
Q

responsible for the hples in the external surface of the platelet

A

membrane system

52
Q

A membrane system that is responsible for platelet storage and more importantly for secretion of its granules

A

open canalicular system

53
Q

A membrane system that their channel does not link or connect to the external surface of the platelet. It function as storage of calcium ions

A

Dense tubular system

54
Q

Most powerful platelet agonist

A

thromboxane a2

55
Q

unsaturated fatty acid which is the primary component of the platelets’ bilayer of phospholipid

A

arachidonic acid

56
Q

T/F. When collagen is exposed, coagulation system is activated.

A

True kay … ang coag is already activated man buttt nag paabot lang siya sa iyang term na mo stabilize sa primary platelet plug.

Sir ken’s: tissue factor released into the famaged area, coag system is already activated but cannot commence. Means its already sctivated because its waiting for the primary hemostasis to be completed. Kay kung adto pa siya mo activate hapit na mahuman ang primary hemostasis, too long na kaayo tendency reinitiate bleeding

57
Q

A second set of platelets that gets recruited by a certain subtance

A

ADP-stimulated platelets

58
Q

what are the two type of phospholipids in the outer layer of phospholipids membrabe? state also their charge

A

phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin

neutrally-charged

59
Q

what are the three type of phospholipids in the innrer layer of phospholipids membrane? state also their charge

A

phosphatidylinositol
phosphatidylserine
phosphatidylethanolamine

60
Q

name for specific vwf receptor site at GPIB alpha

A

glycocalicin

61
Q

primary receptor site of fibrinogen

A

glycoprotein IIb/IIIa

62
Q

most abundant coag factor

A

fibrinogen

Hematology (18 decks)

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