Hem/Onc Physiology Flashcards
What isotype are Anti-A, Anti-B, and Anti-Rh(D)
A and B are IgM
Anti-Rh(D) is IgG (can cross placenta and cause erythroblastosis fetalis)
Hemophilia A
Factor VIII
Hemophilia B
Factor IX
XIIa effects
Aside from the intrinsic pathway action of converting XI to XIa. It also turns Prekallikrein to kallikrein which converts plasminogen to plasmin and HMWK to Bradykinin.
What is HMWK
High molecular weight kininogen, which activates formation of XIIa
Bradykinin effects
Kinin cascade leads to increased vasodilation, permeability, and pain.
Plasmin does what
Breaks down fibrin clot and also turns C3 to C3a for complement cascade
How to think about the coagulation cascade
Extrinsic is simple: It’s 7 turned to 7a by tissue factor (thromboplastin) which activates 10.
Intrinsic: Collagen, basement membrane, and activated platelets turn 12 to 12a. Which forms 11 a, then 9a. 9a activates 10. You already know that 8 and 5 are components needed for the activation of the other stuff. Finally 10 activates 2 (prothrombin). 13 is at the end of it all and makes the clot super strong.
Difference in factors between PT and PTT
PT: 7–10–2–5
PTT: 12, 11, 9, 8, 10, 5, 2 (everything except 7)
Why does heparin only affect PTT
Is it that it affects everything in the intrinsic pathway?
ACE affect on bradykinin
Inactivates it
Vitamin K pathway
Oxidized vitamin K is reduced by Epoxide Reductase which matures II, VII, IX, X, C, and S.
Warfarin MOA
inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase
What does vWF carry
VIII
Antithrombin does what
Primary targets are thrombin and factor Xa. Inhibits activated forms of factors 2, 7, 9, 10, 11, and 12
