Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

KN JD NPTE: CARDIAC > Heart Rhythm > Flashcards

Heart Rhythm Flashcards

1
Q

Normal cardiac cycle (NSR):

What happens at P wave?

A

Atrial depolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Normal cardiac cycle (NSR):

What happens at P-R interval?

A

Time required for impulse to travel from atria through conduction system to purkinje fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Normal cardiac cycle (NSR):

What happens at QRS wave?

A

Ventricular DEpolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Normal cardiac cycle (NSR):

What happens at ST segment?

A

Beginning of ventricular REpolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Normal cardiac cycle (NSR):

What happens at T wave?

A

Ventricular repolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Normal cardiac cycle (NSR):

What happens at QT interval?

A

Time for electrical systole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How would you calculate HR on the ECG?

A

Number of intervals between QRS complex’s in a 6 second strop and multiply by 10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are some etiologic factors of arrythmias? (8)

A 
Ischemic conditions of the myocardium
Electrolyte imbalance
Acidosis or alkalosis
Hypoxemia
HyPOtension
Emotional stress
Drugs
Alcohol
Caffeine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ventricular arrhythmias: originate from _____ _____ in the ventricles (outside of normal condition system)

A

Ectopic focus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ventricular arrhythmias: significant in adversely affecting ____ ____

A

Cardiac output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ventricular arrhythmias: include ____ _____ _____: which are a premature beat arising from the ventricles

A

Premature ventricle contraction (PVCs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

PVCs on ECG look like what?

A

NO P WAVE
Bizarre and wide QRS that is premature
Followed by long compensatory pause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Serious PVCs are defined as > ___ per minute

A

6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ventricular tachycadia (VT): a run of ____ or more PVC occurring sequentially; with a very paid rate ____-_____ bpm

A

3

150-200

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

V Tach: usually the result of an ______ ventricle

A

Ischemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

On ECG, V tach looks like what?

A

Wide bizarre QRS waves, no P waves

Seriously compromised cardiac output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is non sustained v tach? (NSVT)?

A

3 or more consecutive beats in duration

Terminating spontaneously in less than 30 seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is VT (sustained v tach)?

A

VT > 30 seconds in duration and/or requiring termination due to hemodynamic compromise in less than 30 seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q 
Ventricular fibrillation (VF): a \_\_\_\_\_\_, emergency situation requiring EMS
CPR needed, defibrillation, medications
A

PULSELESS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Vfib is characterized by chaotic activity of ventricle originating from _____ ______
Unable to determine _____

A

Multiple foci

Rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

On ECG, V fib looks like

A

Bizarre, erratic activity WITHOUT QRS complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Vfib has no effective _____ _____. Clinical death within _____ minutes

A

Cardiac output

4-6 minutes

23
Q

Atrial arrhythmias (supraventricular): _____ and ______ firing of one or more ectopic focus in the _____ (outside the sinus node)

A

Rapid and repetitive

Atria

24
Q

Atrial arrhythmias: on ECG, ______ are abnormal or not identifiable (Afib)

A

P waves

25
Q

Atrial arrhythmias: rhythm may be irregular, chronic or occurring ________

A

Paxosymally

26
Q

Atrial tachycardia ______ bpm
Atrial flutter _____ bpm
Atrial fibrillation _____ bpm

A

140-250
250-350
>300

27
Q

In Atrial arrhythmias, cardiac output is usually maintained if ____ is controlled

A

Rate

28
Q

AV blocks: abnormal delays or failure to conduct through normal conducting system: how many types?

A

4:

First, second, third (complete), bundle branch blocks

29
Q

If ventricular rate is slowed, what is decreased?

A

CO

30
Q

Which heart block is life threatening?

A

Third degree

31
Q

3rd deg/complete heart block requires what medication? And what kind of surgery?

A

Atropine

Pacemaker implantation

32
Q

With impaired coronary perfusion (ischemia or injury), the __________ becomes depressed

A

ST segment

33
Q

ST segment depression can be ______, _______, or ______

A

Upsloping
Horizontal
Downsloping

34
Q

St segment depression or elevation greater than __ mm measured at the __ point in __ consecutive leads is considered abnormal, except in leads _________

A

1 mm
J point
2
V2-V3

35
Q

ST elevation of
> or = ___mm in men > or = 40
> or = ___mm in men < 40
> or = ___mm in women

Is abnormal?? Doesn’t say in book

A

2

  1. 5
  2. 5
36
Q

ECG changes with an acute MI: acute ST elevations present in leads over the infarcted area:
Anterior wall: changes in ______

A

V1-V6

37
Q

ECG changes with an acute MI: acute ST elevations present in leads over the infarcted area:
Anteroseptal wall: changes in __________

A

V1-V2

38
Q

ECG changes with an acute MI: acute ST elevations present in leads over the infarcted area:
Anteroapical wall: Changes in _______

A

V3-V4

39
Q

ECG changes with an acute MI: acute ST elevations present in leads over the infarcted area:
Anterolateral wall: changes in _______, __, ____

A

V5-V6, I, aVL

40
Q

ECG changes with an acute MI: acute ST elevations present in leads over the infarcted area:
Lateral wall: changes in ________

A

Leads I and aVL

41
Q

ECG changes with an acute MI: acute ST elevations present in leads over the infarcted area:
Inferior wall:

A

II, III, aVF

42
Q

ECG changes with an acute MI: acute ST elevations present in leads over the infarcted area:
Posterior wall:

A

Not seen on typical ECG, changes in V7-9

43
Q

Hyperkalemia: does what to ECG?

A

Wide QRS
Flattens P wave
T wave becomes peaked

44
Q

Hypokalemia: does what to ECG?

A

Flattens T waves (or inverts)

Produces a U wave

45
Q

Hypercalcemia: does what to ECG?

A

Widens QRS

Shortens QT interval

46
Q

Hypocalcemia: does what to ECG?

A

Prolongs QT interval

47
Q

Hypothermia: does what to ECG?

A

Elevates ST segment

Slows rhythm

48
Q

Digitalis: does what to ECG?

A

Depresses ST segment
Flattens T wave or inverts
QT shortens

49
Q

Quinidine: does what to ECG?

A

QT lengthens
T wave flattens (or inverts)
QRS lengthens

50
Q

Beta blockers (propranolol (inderal): does what to ECG?

A

Decrease HR

Blunts HR response to exercise

51
Q

Nitrates (nitroglycerin): does what to ECG?

A

Increases HR

52
Q

Antiarrhythmic agents: does what to ECG?

A

May prolong QRS and QT intervals

53
Q

Holter monitoring: continuous ambulatory ECG monitoring via tape for up to ___ hours
Used to evaluate cardiac rhythm, transient symptoms, pacemaker function, effect of meds
Allows correlation of symptoms with ______

A

24

Activities

KN JD NPTE: CARDIAC (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions