Heart (Pulse) Rate

Question 1

Tanaka HR formula?

Answer 1

Tanaka = 208 – 0.7(age)

Question 2

What is the normal range for resting HR in adults?

Answer 2

The normal resting HR range is 60-100 bpm.

Question 3

What is the importance of monitoring HR during exercise?

Answer 3

Monitoring HR during exercise ensures safety, helps assess fitness levels, and guides exercise intensity.

Question 4

What is cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and why is it important?

Answer 4

CRF is the ability to perform dynamic exercise for prolonged periods, involving the respiratory, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal systems.

Question 5

What is VO2 max, and how is it measured?

Answer 5

VO2 max is the maximal volume of oxygen consumed per unit time, measured in mL/kg/min.

Question 6

How does VO2 max relate to CRF?

Answer 6

VO2 max is the criterion measure of CRF and reflects the heart’s functional capacity.

Question 7

What is the relationship between oxygen consumption and energy expenditure?

Answer 7

Each liter of oxygen consumed equals about 5 kcal of energy expenditure.

Question 8

What is the difference between absolute and relative oxygen consumption?

Answer 8

Absolute oxygen consumption is the total volume of O2 consumed, while relative oxygen consumption is adjusted for body weight.

Question 9

What is a MET, and how is it used to measure exercise intensity?

Answer 9

A MET is the ratio of energy expenditure during activity compared to rest. 1 MET = 3.5 mL/kg/min.

Question 10

How are MET levels calculated for activities?

Answer 10

MET levels are calculated by dividing the relative oxygen consumption by 3.5.

Question 11

What activities correspond to different MET levels (light, moderate, vigorous)?

Answer 11

• Light activities: 1.6-2.9 METs
• Moderate: 3-5.9 METs
• Vigorous: >6 MET

Question 12

How does oxygen consumption change with increasing exercise intensity?

Answer 12

Oxygen consumption increases linearly with exercise intensity, reflecting greater energy expenditure.

Question 13

What is Heart Rate Reserve (HRR), and how is it calculated?

Answer 13

HRR is the difference between maximum HR and resting HR, used to prescribe exercise intensity.

Question 14

How is HRR used to prescribe exercise intensity?

Answer 14

HRR is used in combination with VO2 reserve to set target heart rate ranges for exercise.

Question 15

What is Rate Pressure Product (RPP), and how does it relate to myocardial oxygen demand?

Answer 15

RPP is the product of HR and systolic BP, indicating myocardial oxygen demand.

Question 16

What is the normal HR response to increasing exercise intensity?

Answer 16

HR increases by 10-12 bpm for each 1 MET increase in exercise intensity.

Question 17

What is the expected increase in systolic blood pressure per MET?

Answer 17

Systolic BP increases by 8-12 mmHg per 1 MET increase.

Question 18

What is chronotropic incompetence, and how is it diagnosed?

Answer 18

Chronotropic incompetence is the inability to reach 85% of predicted maximum HR during maximal effort, indicating cardiovascular risk.

Question 19

How is HR recovery measured after exercise?

Answer 19

HR recovery is measured by how much HR decreases within 1 to 2 minutes post-exercise.

Question 20

What does a slow HR recovery indicate about cardiovascular health?

Answer 20

A slow HR recovery indicates poorer cardiovascular fitness and higher risk of heart disease.

Question 21

What is the expected rate of HR decrease after exercise?

Answer 21

HR should decrease by 12 bpm in the first minute, or 22 bpm by the end of the second minute.

Question 22

How does poor HR recovery signal increased risk of heart disease?

Answer 22

Poor HR recovery suggests an issue with the parasympathetic nervous system and is linked to higher risk of heart disease.