Heart Pathology Flashcards
What occurs during Right Heart Failure?
Peripheral edema (especially in legs). Enlarged liver and spleen.
What will the heart look like during right heart failure? What are some causes?
RV hypertrophy and RV dilation.
Cor Pulmonale: lung failure causes increased pressure in the right side of the heart.
What is the difference between throbus vs embolus?
Thrombus=clots and stays where it formed
Ebmolus= clot formed and moved.
What type of heart disease is Angina Pectoris? What is it? Describe the stable form?
Ischemic heart disease. Intermittent chest pains.
Stable has chest pain on exertion. Fixed narrowing of CA.
What is Acute Myocardial Infarction? Clinical features?
Necrosis of myocardium from ischemia. Most due to CA thrombosis.
Sever crushing chest pain, Not relieved by nitroglycerin. Sweating and nausea.
What is valvular stenosis vs insufficiency?
Stenosis=valve not opening very well
Insufficiency= failure to close/regurgitation.
What causes aortic valve stenosis, and what are the manifestations?
Stiffening and narrowing of aortic valve so blood has difficulty exiting heart.
Very big “crescendo-decrescendo” systolic murmer.
Hypertrophy of left ventricle.
What is aortic regurgitation and what are the manifestations?
Failure of aortic valve to close properly.
Diastolic murmur.
What is Mitral Stenosis and what are the manifestations?
Narrowing or stiffening of mitral valve, difficulty moving blood from right atrium to left ventricle.
Get increased pulmonary blood pressure and pulmonary edema.
What is Mitral Regurgitation and what are the manifestations?
Failure of mitral valve to properly close.
Systolic murmur, pulmonary hypertension and edema.
what is theumatic valvular disease? Manifestations?
Diffuse, inflammatory disease caused by immune response to infection of strep A.
Can have erythema marginatum.
What is mitral valve prolapse? What genetic condition is associated with this?
Mitral valve is ballooning up into the left atrium.
What is Infective endocarditis? Acute and Subacute?
Microbial invasion of heart valves and endocardium.
Acute=highly virulent, half die, often requires surgery
Subactue=low virulence, long course most recover
