Cardiophysiology Flashcards
What is 1.Atrophy, 2.Hypertrophy, 3.Intropy, 4.Chronotropy, 5.Domotropy?
- Reduction in size 2. Increase in size 3. Force of contraction 4. The rate 5. conduction velocity
What contracts first in the heart?
The atria, then the ventricles.
What are the two types of cardiac muscle and what do they do?
- Conducting: controls heartbeat. 2. Contractile: Produce contractions to propel blood
What is bradycardia? Tachycardia?
Brady=slow heart (below 60) Tachy=Fast heart rate
Cardiace cycle begins where? Then where?
At the SA node with action potential, Purkinje fibers distribute to the contractile cells.
Describe the conducting system in terms of ion channels and polarization states.
- depolarization=Na+ entry 2. Plateau= Ca2+ entry 3. Repolarization=K+ loss
Myocardium depends on what type of calcium?
Extracellular
Where are the SA node, AV node, and Conducting cells located?
SA=wall of right atrium AV= junction between atria and ventricles Conducting cells=throughout myocardium
What is P wave, QRS complex, and T wave on an ECG?
P=Atria depolarize QRS=ventricles depolarize T=Ventricles repolarize
What is Systole and Diastole?
Sys=Contraction Dias=Relaxation
What is stroke volume?
Amount of blood ejected from the heart.
- Atrial Contraction Begins
- Atria eject blood into ventricles
- Atrial systole ends, AV vavles close
- Isovolumeteric ventricular contraction
- Ventricular ejection occurs
- Semilunar valves close
- Isovolumetric relaxation occurs
- AV vavles open, passive atrial filling occurs.
Left to right–>Left AV vavle closes–>Aortic vavle opens–>Aortic vavle closes–>Left AV valve opens
What is cardiac output and how can you calculate it?
Volume pumped by left ventricle in 1 minute.
CO=Heart Rate x Strok Volume
