Blood Pathology Flashcards
What does “cytic” mean for RBC? “Chromic”?
Cytic=size
Chromic=color
What is anisocytosis in RBC? Poikilocytosis?
Aniso= Size variation Poikilo= Shape variation
What is anemia?
Reduction below normal in hemoglobin or RBC number.
What is hemolytic anemia?
Excessive RBC destruction.
How is Bilirubin recycled?
- blood recycled in spleen
- Bilirubin binds to Albumin
- B-A Complex taken up by liver and Conjugated
- Excreted with the bile and eliminated in fecal material.
What conjugates the bilirubin and what does it do to the bilirubin?
Glucuronyl transferase. Makes it water soluble.
What happens when bilirubin is converted to Urobilinogen by intestinal bacteria?
Some is excreted with fecal material. Some is reabsorbed into blood, and small amount is excreted from urine.
What is Jaundice? Causes?
Excess bilirubin accumulation in body.
Caused by:
1. excess bilirubin production due to RBC destruction.
2. Decreased bilirubin excretion
What is bilirubin toxic to and why?
Very toxic to brain cells because it is fat soluble.
What do the following feces and urine colors correspond to jaundice conditions?
- Light or clay feces, dark urine
- Normal/light feces, light urine
- Dark feces, dark urine.
- Extrahepatic obstructive jaundice=obstructed bile duct.
- Intrahepatic obstructive jaundice=damaged hepatocyte.
- Hemolytic Anemia
What kind of hemolytic anemia is G6PDH deficiency? What does it cause? What special features do the cells have?
Intracorpuscular.
Low G6PDH causes loss of glutathione, which increases peroxides, which kills RBCs.
Cells have Heinz Bodies, which are denatured globin stuck to RBC membrane.
What can trigger G6PDH hemolytic anemia?
Fava beans, drugs.
When you have an iron-deficiency anemia, what do the RBC look like? What secondary symptoms can you ahve.
Microcytic, hypochromic.
Can have Atrophic Glossitis and Koilonychia.
What can cause iron-deficiency anemia?
Poor diet, Poor absorption, GI bleeding, Menses, Hemorrhage, Pregnancy
