heart murmur Flashcards
what is a heart murmur?
what is turbulent flow?
how are murmurs graded?
where is aortic stenosis heard best?
right upper sternal border
2nd ICS R side
where are pulmonic murmurs + PDA heard best?
left upper sternal border
2nd ICS L side
where are mitral murmurs heard best?
apex
5th ICS mid clavicular line L side
where are tricuspid murmurs + VSD heard best?
left lower sternal border
5th ICS L side
where are aortic regurgitation + HCM heard best?
left sternal border
4th ICS L side
what are innocent/functional murmurs?
what are systolic murmur?
when do they occur
examples
what are diastolic murmur?
when do they occur
examples
ALWAYS PATHOLOGIC
what is aortic stenosis?
features of aortic stenosis?
what is HCOM?
how do you differentiate between HCM and aortic stenosis?
what is aortic regurgitation?
what is mitral regurgitation?
what is mitral stenosis?
what is carvallo’s sign?
what murmur is seen in VSD?
what murmur is seen in PDA?
what manoeuvres will impact preload/venous return?
what is valsalva manoeuvre?
what manoeuvres impact after load?
how doe the manoeuvres impact afetrload in murmurs/
