Heart Failure Knowledge Based

Question 1

Which of the following is a common cause of heart failure?
A. Hypertension
B. Excessive caffeine intake
C. Anemia
D. High sodium diet

Answer 1

A. Hypertension
Rationale: Hypertension is a common cause of heart failure as it leads to increased afterload, making the heart work harder and eventually weakening its ability to pump effectively.

Question 2

What is the main result of left-sided heart failure?
A. Pulmonary congestion and dyspnea
B. Edema and weight gain
C. Jaundice and abdominal pain
D. Hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis

Answer 2

A. Pulmonary congestion and dyspnea
Rationale: In left-sided heart failure, blood backs up into the pulmonary circulation, causing pulmonary congestion and symptoms such as dyspnea and activity intolerance.

Question 3

What is a characteristic feature of right-sided heart failure?
A. Pulmonary congestion
B. Edema and weight gain
C. Tachycardia and hypertension
D. Bradycardia and hypotension

Answer 3

B. Edema and weight gain
Rationale: In right-sided heart failure, blood backs up into the peripheral circulation, leading to symptoms such as edema and weight gain.

Question 4

Which of the following is a diagnostic tool used for heart failure?
A. Electroencephalogram (EEG)
B. Chest X-ray (CXR)
C. Pulmonary function test (PFT)
D. Bone scan

Answer 4

B. Chest X-ray (CXR)
Rationale: A chest X-ray (CXR) is commonly used to assess the heart’s size and the presence of fluid in the lungs, both of which are important in diagnosing heart failure.

Question 5

Which of the following hormones is used to assess heart failure severity?
A. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)
B. Cortisol
C. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
D. Prolactin

Answer 5

A. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)
Rationale: BNP is a hormone released by the heart in response to volume overload and is used to assess the severity of heart failure. Normal BNP levels are less than 100.