Decreased Cardiac Output Application Flashcards
A patient with pericarditis is being treated with NSAIDs and glucocorticoids. Which of the following is the primary goal of these treatments?
A) Reducing inflammation of the pericardium
B) Improving myocardial contractility
C) Increasing fluid retention to improve circulation
D) Enhancing oxygenation to the heart muscle
A) Reducing inflammation of the pericardium
Rationale: The primary goal of using NSAIDs and glucocorticoids in the treatment of pericarditis is to reduce inflammation of the pericardium, which causes the symptoms of chest pain and friction rub. The medications also help manage inflammation in cases of viral infections or autoimmune conditions.
A patient presents with symptoms of pericardial effusion, including muffled heart sounds and low blood pressure. The nurse prepares for an emergency procedure to treat cardiac tamponade. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate?
A) Administer intravenous fluids
B) Prepare for pericardiocentesis
C) Increase the patient’s oxygen therapy
D) Administer a vasopressor to raise blood pressure
B) Prepare for pericardiocentesis
Rationale: In cases of cardiac tamponade, pericardiocentesis (removal of fluid from the pericardial space) is the immediate intervention to relieve pressure on the heart and restore normal cardiac function. It is a life-threatening condition that requires urgent treatment.
A patient is diagnosed with constrictive pericarditis. What long-term complication is most likely to develop in this patient?
A) Heart failure
B) Myocardial infarction
C) Pulmonary embolism
D) Arterial occlusion
A) Heart failure
Rationale: Constrictive pericarditis occurs when the pericardium loses its elasticity due to chronic inflammation, leading to impaired diastolic filling of the heart. This can result in right-sided heart failure and eventual heart failure if untreated.
