Congenital Heart defects

Question 1

What is the most common type of birth defect in the cardiovascular system?
A) Aneurysm
B) Dyslipidemia
C) Congenital heart defect
D) Aortic stenosis

Answer 1

C) Congenital heart defect

Rationale: Congenital heart defects are the most common type of birth defect, affecting the heart’s structure at birth.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a typical manifestation of congenital heart defects?
A) Cyanosis
B) Dyspnea
C) Hypertension
D) Tachypnea

Answer 2

C) Hypertension

Rationale: Hypertension is not typically a manifestation of congenital heart defects. Manifestations usually include cyanosis, dyspnea, tachypnea, and fatigue.

Question 3

A newborn is diagnosed with a congenital heart defect. The mother reports a family history of heart conditions, and the baby presents with cyanosis and difficulty gaining weight. Which diagnostic procedure is most likely to confirm the condition?
A) Chest X-ray
B) Echocardiogram
C) Blood gas analysis
D) Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) test

Answer 3

B) Echocardiogram

Rationale: An echocardiogram is a primary diagnostic tool for congenital heart defects, providing real-time imaging of the heart’s structure and function.