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heart failure Flashcards

1
Q

what is HFREF

A

systolic dysfunction

reduction in contractility

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2
Q

what is HFPEF

A

diastolic dysfunction
stiff ventricles
hard to fill
usually as a result of age and hypertension

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3
Q

what are the causes of heart failure

A

ischaemic heart disease
cardiomyopathy
constrictive (tamponade, pericarditis)

valve dysfunction

systemic or pulmonary hypertension

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4
Q

what sputum might you find in LVF

A

pink/ white frothy sputum

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5
Q

what investigations would you do in heart failure

A 
FBC, Us and Es
pro BNP
CXR 
ECG 
echo
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6
Q

what might you find on x ray

A 
alveolar shadowing (batwings)
B lines
cardiomegaly 
diversion of blood to upper lobe 
effusion
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preston osces (24 decks)

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