Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANATOMY LAB > Heart Anatomy And Conduction > Flashcards

Heart Anatomy And Conduction Flashcards

1
Q

Septa the two types

A

Interatrial - separates atria into the left atrium and the right atrium

Interventricular- sprayed the ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Four heart valves

A

aorta and pulmonary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Two atrioventricular valves

A

Tricuspid and mitral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Heart sound lib dub

A

Sound of blood hitting SL and AV valve as they close

Related to ventricles contracting and relaxing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Semilunar valves location number of flaps and action of SL valve

A

Located at opening of arteries

Consisting of 3 moon shaped flaps

Pushed against artery wall during ventricular contraction

As ventricle relax SL prevent back flow of blood into ventricules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Atrioventricular valves and function

A

Right AV valve tricuspid

Left AV valve mitral

Valves passively as builds ventricle during systole and prevents back full of blood into the atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Associated structures with atrioventricular valves

A

Chordae tendinae chords prevent AV valve inversion

Papillary muscle the chordae tendinae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lub dub sounds of a heartbeat

A

Lub closure of the AV valves at the start of ventricular systole

Dub closure of the SL valves at the end of ventricular systole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Tissues around the heart

A

Pericardium is double walled sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What makes up the pericardium?

A

Starting from the top is the fibrous outer wall

Then is the parietal layer and then visceral layer, which are both the inner wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does the heart wall consist of from top to bottom?

A

Visceral pericardium layer aka epicardium

Myocardium

Endocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Epicardium, a.k.a. visceral pericardium

A

The outermost layer of the heart wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Myocardium

A

Middle layer made of cardiac muscle and has connective tissue to support cardiac muscle fibers and heart valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Endocardium

A

Innermost layer, composed of simple squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Systemic circulation

A

Carries blood to all tissues and transports the deoxygenated blood back to the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Order of the systemic circulation

A

Left ventricle
Aorta semilunar valve
Other arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries bed
Venules
Veins
Vena cava
Right atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pulmonary circulation

A

Carries the deoxygenated blood back to the lungs for gas exchange and brings oxygenated blood to the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Order of pulmonary circulation

A

Right ventricle
Pulmonary trunk
Pulmonary arteries
Capillaries within lungs
Left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What type of conduction is the heart?

A

Intrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The intrinsic conduction of the heart is made of what cells…

A

Composed of noncontract, I’ll cardiac pacemaker cells that generate
Impulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

In the intrinsic conduction of the heart, what is induced to contract in? Where does the impulse begin?

A

It induces the myocardium to contract and it begins at the SA NODE in the right atrium

22
Q

An intrinsic conduction of the heart how does the action potential begin and how does it spread?

A

There is a change in electric potential by depolarization and the generation of action potentials result in muscle contraction

Cardiac muscles are connected through gap junctions, which allows for the spread of action potential

23
Q

Order of conduction in the heart

A

Impulse starts the SA node in the right atrium

Impulse is delayed at the AV node

Electrical conduction through the ventricle requires av bundle , bundle branches, purKenji fiber,

24
Q

Where is the AV bundle and bundle branches and per Kenji fibers located?

A

AV bundle and bundle branches are located in the interventricular septum

Perkenji fibers are in muscles of ventricular walls

25
Q

Why is there a delay at the AV node?

A

Allows for atrial contraction to be completed before ventricular depolarization begins to prevent premature closure of the AV valves

Making sure all blood is out of atrium

26
Q

Role of the nervous system and heart conduction

A

The nervous system can modify the heart activity in two ways with the autonomic nervous system,

The sympathetic nervous system can accelerate the heart rate in the parasympathetic nervous system can decelerate the heart rate

27
Q

Electrocardiogram measure… in ,..

A

Electrical charge overtime in millivolts

28
Q

Each peaks, an electrocardiogram signals depolarization in a group of heart cells one through four steps is

A

Depolarization of SA node
Depolarization of atrial muscle
Depolarization of av node
Depolarization of ventricular muscle

29
Q

Reading an electrocardiogram for P wave QRS complex and T wave

A

P wave Is the depolarization of atria immediately prior to atrial contraction

QRS complex is depolarization ventricle immediately prior to ventricular contraction and atrial repolarization also happens during ventricular contraction

T Wave repolarization of ventricles

30
Q

Reading an electrocardiogram for PR interval

A

Signal travels from Sa note to AV node

31
Q

Reading an electrocardiogram for QRS complex and what does prolonged interval indicate

A

Ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization

Prolonged interval may indicate partial blockage of right or left bundle branch

32
Q

Reading an electrocardiogram for QT interval And what does faster, heart rate equal and what does prolonged interval indicate?

A

From ventricular depolarization through atrial repolarization

Faster, heart rate = shorter QT interval

Prolonged interval is greater risk of ventricular arrhythmias

33
Q

What kind of heart conduction is it when the P-wave is absent and what does that mean physiology wise?

A

It is junctional rhythm

SA node is not acting at the pacemaker leading to the AV node pacing the heart

34
Q

What kind of heart conduction is it when not all pre-waves are followed by a QRS complex and what does that indicate?

A

Second-degree heart block

indicates damage to the AV node

35
Q

What kind of heart conduction is it when the impulse generated in the atria do not pace, ventricular contractions and what does it indicate?

A

Ventricular fibrillation

Uncoordinated contractions of the myocardium

36
Q

Bradycardia

A

Heart rate less than 60

37
Q

Tachycardia

A

Heart rate above 100

38
Q

Fibrillation

A

Rapid and uncoordinated contractions

39
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

Arteries are blocked by fat and cholesterol reducing blood flow

40
Q

For lub and dub what part of the electrocardiogram is associated with it

A

Lub is QRS complex

Dub is T wave

41
Q

How to calculate heart rate from electrocardiogram

A

60 divided by r-r interval

42
Q

Where are the base in Apex located?

A

Bass is technically at the top of the heart and Apex is at the bottom of the heart and atomically

43
Q

How many pulmonary veins are there and where do they converge at?

A

Four and the converted at the left atrium

44
Q

Which side of the heart is oxygenated and de oxygenated?

A

Left side of the heart is oxygenated in the right side of the heart is deoxygenated

45
Q

Where is the heart located?

A

Thoracic cavity

46
Q

Stroke volume

A

Amount of blood ejected by a ventricle with each contraction

47
Q

What causes the P-wave?

A

Atrial depolarization initiated by the SA node

48
Q

What causes the QRS complex?

A

Ventricular depolarization begins at Apex

49
Q

What causes the T waves?

A

Ventricular repolarization begins at Apex

50
Q

Which direction do arteries and veins go?

A

Arteries away

Veins towards

51
Q

What are the names of the semi lunar valves?

A

Aorta
Pulmonary artery

ANATOMY LAB (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions