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ANATOMY LAB > BLOOD AND HEMATOCRIT > Flashcards

BLOOD AND HEMATOCRIT Flashcards

1
Q

Formed elements of blood

A

Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Platelets

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2
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Use hemoglobin to carry oxygen to tissues throughout the body

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3
Q

Leukocytes and the different types

A

Have many different immune functions and can travel out of the blood vessels into into tissues by Diapedesis

Granulocytes and Agranulocytes

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4
Q

Platelets

A

Are critical and blood clotting

Cytoplasmic fragments they are not complete cells

Originate from megakaryocytes

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5
Q

Neutrophil and color and shape

A

Reddish purpleish

Phagotize pathogens or debris

Multi lobbed

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6
Q

Eosinophil and color and shape

A

Antihistamine Immune responses to asthma or allergies

Reddish

Bi-lobbed

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7
Q

Basophil and shape and color

A

Releases histamine

Singular lobed

Purpleish

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8
Q

Lymphocyte and shape

A

Immune response by direct cell attack or antibody production,

Spherical or indented

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9
Q

monocyte and shape

A

Develop into macrophages and phagocytize

U shape

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10
Q

How to perform hematocrit

A

Place a capillary tube and two blood sample to draw blood

Centrifuge the capillary tube

Measure total length of the fluid and tubes from the bottom

Measure the red blood cells from the bottom in centimeters

Calculate percentage of red blood cells divided by the total blood volume times 100

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11
Q

Understanding hematocrit for erythrocytes, Buffy coat and plasma and percentages

A

Erythrocytes- sink to the bottom 45%

Buffy coat - contains leukocytes and platelets, thin whitest layer 1%

Plasma - rises to the top 55%

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12
Q

Normal ranges for adult male, adult, female, and newborn

A

42 to 52%

37 to 47%

49 to 61%

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13
Q

Conditions that can be detected by hematocrit

A

Leukocytosis

Anemia

High altitude

Dehydration

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14
Q

Leukocytosis

A

Leukocyte count is too high and can be caused by infection and some types of leukemia

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15
Q

Anemia and the different types

A

Erythrocytes count is too low and the hematocrit values below average

APlastic anemia

Iron deficiency anemia

Hemolytic anemia

Sickle cell anemia

hemorrhagic anemia

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16
Q

Aplastic anemia

A

Bone marrow doesn’t produce enough new erythrocytes

17
Q

Iron deficiency anemia

A

Erythrocytes are smaller

18
Q

Hemolytic anemia

A

Erythrocytes are destroyed too quickly

19
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

Sickles shaped erythrocytes

20
Q

Hemorrhagic anemia

A

Caused by blood loss is not detected by hematocrit

21
Q

High altitude and red blood cell

A

Those who live at high altitude have higher chromatic due to the lower level of oxygen in the air

To help the produce more erythrocytes to increase blood oxygen level

22
Q

Dehydration and red blood cell

A

Plasma percentage decreases

The loss of water means less plasma

23
Q

The abundance of leukocytes and erythrocytes in order most to least

A

Erythrocytes
Platelets
Neutrophil
lymphocytes
monocytes
eosinophil
basophil

24
Q

Where does hematopoiesis occur?

A

Redbone marrow of spongy bone

25
Q

Polycythemia

A

Abnormal increase in number of erythrocytes

26
Q

Leukopenia

A

Abnormal decrease in number of leukocytes

27
Q

What role do platelets play a critical role in

A

Hemostasis

28
Q

There are many reasons why person to medicate may be higher than a average for their age and gender identified reasons why they increase hematocrit

A

Physical fitness

High altitude

Dehydration

Bone marrow cancer

29
Q

Why are leuckocytes separated into Agranulocytes and Granulocytes

What are their properties

A

Wrights stain that is applied to leuckocytes and show the viable granules for Granulocytes

Agranulocytes don’t have it viable with that stain but still have granules

30
Q

What is function of megakaryocyte and why are they important

A

They create more platelets which are critical for blood clothing

31
Q

Megakarytecytes come from?

A

Hematopoietic stem cells

32
Q

Blood dopping

A

Athletes receive a transfusion of erythrocytes right before competing in an athletic event

their blood and new one together

33
Q

What effect does blood dipping have on hematocrit

A

Increases the hematocrit meaning the RBC has increased with the demand of needing more oxygen

34
Q

Calvin gets into car accident. His hematocrit is 43% and CT shows internal bleeding.

Is he anemic and if yes what type of anemia ? Do results make sense?

A

He has hemorrhagic anemia due to bleeding

They make sense bc hemmorage anemia can’t be detected by hematocrit since he is losing all blood components at same time in equal amount

35
Q

Antibodies and antigens who has which between receiver and donor

A

Donor is antigens

Receiver is antibodies

ANATOMY LAB (10 decks)

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