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ANATOMY LAB > BLOOD VESSEL > Flashcards

BLOOD VESSEL Flashcards

1
Q

The circulatory system has what system and diffuse where

A

Closed transport
System and substances diffuse across the capillary wall

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2
Q

Close transport, pathway

A

Heart, large arteries, medium arteries, Arterioles , capillary beds, venules, medium veins, large veins, heart

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3
Q

Substances diffuse across the capillary wall

A

Oxygen and nutrients from blood to tissues

Waist and CO2 from tissues to blood

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4
Q

3 tunica surrounding the lumen

A

Tunica intimate
Tunica media
Tunica externa

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5
Q

Tunica intima

A

Innermost layers

Thin layer of endothelium with CT basement membrane

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6
Q

Tunica media

A

Smooth muscle and elastic CT

Allows for changes and lumen diameter

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7
Q

Tunica externa

A

Most superficial
protects and anchors vessels
Areolar or fibrous CT

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8
Q

Types of blood vessel

A

Arteries capillaries veins

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9
Q

Arteries function and the different types

A

Transport blood away from the heart and expand during systole and recoil during diastole

Elastic muscular Arterioles

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10
Q

Elastic arteries

A

Close to the heart, large and “conducting vessels” most expanddable

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11
Q

Capillaries

A

Provide for exchange of materials and tissues

Narrowest Vessels/walls = endothelium, which is one cell layer

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12
Q

Veins

A

Transport blood to the heart

Low pressure vessels because of thin walls and large lumen

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13
Q

What is the blood volume in the veins?

A

65%

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14
Q

Adaptions for Venus return blood to right atrium

A

Valves
skeleton, muscle pump
respiratory pump

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15
Q

Valves function and how they form and where it’s a lot of them

A

Formed by folds of tunica intimate

Prevent back food and highly concentrated in the limbs

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16
Q

The heart pump blood through…

A

Arteries but pressure is low by the time blood reaches the veins

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17
Q

Skeletal muscle pump

A

Skeleton muscle contractions, squeeze veins

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18
Q

Some pressure from blood coming from…

A

The capillary beds

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19
Q

Respiratory pump

A

During inspiration a decrease in intra-thoracic pressure and increase an intra-abdominal pressure

causes blood flow from the veins in the abdominal region to the veins in the thoracic region

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20
Q

The aorta and the different regions

A

Largest artery in the body and leaves from the left ventricle of the heart

Ascending aorta, aortic arch, thoracic aorta, abdominal aorta

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21
Q

Ascending aorta leaves from the

A

left ventricle

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22
Q

Aortic arch

A

Arches to the left

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23
Q

Thoracic aorta travels downward through the…

A

thorax

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24
Q

Abdominal aorta Passes through the….

A

diaphragm into the abdominal pelvic cavity

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25
Q

The arteries that ascending aorta has

A

Right and left coronary arteries. Serve the heart.

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26
Q

Arteries and the aortic arch

A

Brachiocephalic trunk,

which splits into the right common carotid artery and the right subclavian artery

Left common carotid

Left subclavian

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27
Q

Left common carotid artery

A

Splits into the left internal and external carotid arteries

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28
Q

Left subclavian artery

A

Branches into the left vertebral artery and left subclavian artery

The subclavian artery becomes auxiliary artery to brachial artery to radio/ulnar artery

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29
Q

Arterial branches of the descending thoracic aorta

A

Intercostal arteries, bronchial, arteries, esophageal arteries, and phrenic arteries

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30
Q

Intercostal arteries

A

Supply the muscles of the thorax wall

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31
Q

Bronchial arteries

A

Supply the lung

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32
Q

Esophageal arteries

A

Serve the esophagus

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33
Q

Phrenic arteries

A

Serve the diaphragm

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34
Q

Arterial branches of the abdominal aorta

A

Celiac, trunk, superior, mesenteric artery, left and right renal arteries, left and right gonadal arteries, lumbar arteries, inferior, mesenteric artery, left, and right, iliac arteries

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35
Q

Celiac trunk

arterial branch of abdominal aorta and the additional branches

A

First branch from the abdominal aorta and has three branches

Left gastric artery, splenic artery, common hepatic artery

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36
Q

Celtic trunk left gastric artery

A

Serves the stomach

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37
Q

Celiac trunk splenic artery

A

Serves the spleen

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38
Q

Celiac trunk, common hepatic artery

A

Serves the liver

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39
Q

Superior mesenteric artery

arterial branch of abdominal aorta

A

Supplies most of the small intestines and first half of the large intestines

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40
Q

Left and right renal arteries,

arterial branches of the abdominal aorta

A

Serves the kidneys

41
Q

Left and right gonadal arteries

Arterial branch of the abdominal aorta

A

Called ovarian and females and testicular and males

42
Q

Lumbar arteries

Arterial branch of abdominal aorta

A

Serves muscles of the abdomen and trunk

43
Q

Inferior mesenteric artery

Arterial branches of abdominal aorta

A

Supplies the second half of the large intestine

44
Q

The left and right common iliac arteries and the types

Arterial branches of the abdominal aorta

A

Final branches of the aorta

Internal and external iliac arteries

45
Q

Left and right common iliac arteries,

internal iliac artery

A

Serves the pelvic organs

46
Q

Left and right common iliac arteries

External iliac artery path

A

Enters the thigh to femoral artery to popliteal artery to anterior posterior tibial artery

47
Q

Blood in the heart chambers does not…

A

Does not nourish the myocardium

48
Q

The heart has its own nourishing, circulatory system consisting of

A

Coronary arteries branch from aorta to supply the heart muscle with oxygenated blood

Coronary sinus, a large vein on heart receives blood from the cardiac veins

Cardiac veins drained the myocardium of blood

49
Q

Blood empties into the right atrium via…

A

Via the coronary sinus

50
Q

Where do arteries originate?

A

Behind the aortic semilunar valves

51
Q

Interarterial anastomoses

A

Assure continued blood supply despite partial occlusion of individual arteries

52
Q

Capillary bids around the Avioli permit

A

Exchange of gas

53
Q

Nourishing blood supply for the lungs provided by…

A

Bronchial arteries, not pulmonary situation

54
Q

Hepatic portal system drain

A

Veins of hepatic, portal circulation, drain the digestive organs, spleen, pancreas

55
Q

Major vessels of hepatic portal circulation

A

Inferior and superior mesenteric vein

Splenic vein

Left gastric vein

56
Q

In hepatic portal system, capillary beds of digestive system…

A

Absorb nutrients and toxins

57
Q

In hepatic portal system liver help, maintain proper

A

Glucose, fat and protein, concentrations and blood

58
Q

In hepatic portal system liver also filters…

A

Toxins from the blood

59
Q

In hepatic portal system, blood drains into the…

A

Hepatic vein as it leaves the liver

60
Q

Another name for cerebral arterial circle

A

Circle of Willis

61
Q

Internal carotid artery divide into…

A

Anterior and middle cerebral arteries, and they supply most of the cerebrum

62
Q

, vertebral arteries, join once within…

A

Once within the skull to form the basilar artery which serves the brainstem cerebellum

63
Q

And cerebral arterial circle posterior cerebral artery form from the division of…

A

Basilar artery and they supply the posterior cerebrum

64
Q

And cerebral arterial circle interior and posterior blood supplies are…

A

United by small communicating arterial branches

65
Q

Vena cava and where it enters

A

enter the right atrium of the heart

66
Q

What do the superior and inferior vena cava drain?

A

Superior drains the head and arms

inferior drains the lower body

67
Q

Draining the arms pathway

A

Radio, and ulnar veins to brachial vein to auxiliary vein

68
Q

Draining the arm, cephalic vein, and basilic drain

A

lateral aspect of the arm and medial into axillary and brachial veins

69
Q

Draining the arm, basilic vein, drains the medial aspect of the arm and…

A

Empties into the brachial vein

70
Q

The basilic and cephalic are jointed at…

A

The median cubital vein, ( elbow area)

71
Q

Subclavian vein receives venous blood from …

A

auxiliary vein

And skin and muscles of head and neck via external jugular vein

72
Q

Vertebral vein drain, the …

A

Posterior part of the head

73
Q

Internal jugular vein drains…

A

Dural sinuses of the brain

74
Q

Left and right brachiocephalic veins receive Venus blood from the…

A

Subclavian vein, vertebral vein, internal jugular vein

75
Q

What veins joined to form the superior vena cava

A

Brachiocephalic veins

76
Q

What vein drains the thorax?

A

Azygous

77
Q

Veins draining into inferior vena cava

Anterior and posterior tibial veins…

A

And Fibia veins drains the leg

78
Q

Pathway of posterior tibial vein, being drained into inferior vena cava

A

Posterior tibial vein to popliteal vein to femoral vein to external iliac vein

79
Q

Which longest vein of the body receives superficial drainage from the leg

A

Saphenous vein

80
Q

Veins draining into inferior vena cava

Each comment iliac vein left, and right is…

A

Formed by the union of the internal and external iliac vein on its own side

81
Q

Veins draining into the inferior vena cav

Right gonadal vein drains the…

A

The right ovary and females and the right testicle males

82
Q

Veins draining into inferior vena cava

left gonadal vein empties into…

A

Left renal vein

83
Q

Veins draining into inferior vena cava

Left and right renal veins drain…

A

The kidneys

84
Q

Veins draining into the inferior vena cava

Hepatic portal veins drains the digestive organs and…

A

Travels through the liver before it enter systematic circulation

85
Q

Veins draining into inferior vena cava

Left and right hepatic veins drain…

A

Drain the liver

86
Q

Fetal circulation

A

Fetus receives exchanges of gases nutrients, and waste through the placenta

87
Q

Three vessels that make up umbilical cord

A

Umbilical vein and two umbilical arteries

88
Q

Umbilical vein

A

Carries blood rich and nutrients and oxygen to fetus

89
Q

Umbilical arteries

A

Carrie carbon dioxide and debris laden blood from fetus to placenta

90
Q

And fetal circulation, blood flow, bypasses the liver through…

A

Ductus venosus and enters the inferior vena cava

91
Q

Fetal circulation, blood flow bypasses the lungs by

A

Blood entering right atrium is shunted directly into the left atrium through the foreman ovale

Ductus arteriosus connected to aorta and pulmonary trunk to become ligamentum arteriosum at birth

92
Q

Development of the circulatory system in the fetus

A

Simple “tube heart” ( without chambers) develops in embryo and pumps by fourth week post fertilization

Heart becomes for chambered, organ by the end of seven weeks

Few changes occur after the seventh week

93
Q

What blood vessels branch from the ascending aorta

A

Right and left coronary artery

94
Q

Why is hepatic portal being especially nutrient rich compared to blood found and most other vessels?

A

It is getting blood from digestive organs where there is food that carry many types of nutrients

95
Q

Enlarging vessels, the tunica external contains the system of what

A

Tiny blood vessels called vasa vasorum

96
Q

Venules

A

Drain capillary beds and merge to form veins

97
Q

Arterioles

A

Smallest arteries, then tunica externa, but follows from arteriaoles into capillary bed

98
Q

Muscular arteries

A

Accounts for most arteries in the body have more smooth muscle and ability to constrict less stretchy

99
Q

Dissecting aneurysm

A

Bleeding into the aortic wall, splits the artery longitudinally

ANATOMY LAB (10 decks)

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