Heart

Question 1

What are the four layers of heart (Descending order)

Answer 1

1) Pericardium
2) Epicardium
3) Myocardium
4) Endocardium

Question 2

What is the pericardium composed of?

Answer 2

Layer of mesothelial cells (SS) resting on thin layer of fibrous CT

Question 3

What does the Epicardium contain?

Answer 3

Underlying adipose tissue with vessels and nerves

Question 4

Feature of myocardium and contain?

Answer 4

Thickest layer, with specialised involuntary cardiac muscle

Question 5

What are the features of cardiac muscle?(4)

Answer 5

1) Striated 2) Branched 3) Central Nuclei

4) Intercalated discs

Question 6

What are intercalated discs used for?

Answer 6

Connect adjacent cardiac myocytes

Question 7

What is the endomysium?

Answer 7

Loose fibrous connective tissue between muscle fibres

Question 8

What is different about atrial myocytes?

Answer 8

Smaller, and have perinuclear neuroendocrine granules (make hormones)

Question 9

Composition of Endocardium and contain?

Answer 9

1) Thin layer of fibrous CT (endothelial)

2) Contains valves

Question 10

What covers valves and 3 layers?

Answer 10

Endothelium (attached to CFB)

1) Fibrosal (Dense CT)
2) Spongiosa (Loose CT)
3) Ventricularis (Collagen and elastin)

Question 11

What is the pathway of the conducting system?

Answer 11

SAN –> Atrial myocardium (AVN) –> BoH –> PF (subendocardial) –> Large vacuolated muscle cells

Question 12

Function of Desmosome?

Answer 12

Anchor one cardiac muscle to next by connecting intermediate cytoskeletal filaments

Question 13

Function of Chordae Tendinae?

Answer 13

Anchor Papillary muscles to valve leaflets so valves can function