Endocrine Glands Flashcards
What are common features of the endocrine system? (4)
1) All contain a glandular epithelium (Except PPG)
2) All contain a rich vascular supply
3) All secrete a variety of hormones
4) Controlled through positive and negative FBL
What is the PPG an extension of and what does it contain as a result?
Hypothalamus
Glial cells and Axons
What acidophils are found in the APG?
1) Somatotroph: 50% Growth Hormone
2) Lactotroph: 25% prolactin (wrap around eachother)
What 3 basophils are found in APG?
1) Corticotroph: ACTH 15-20%
2) Gonadotroph: 10% FSH/LH
3) Thyrotroph: TSH 1%
How are Pinealocytes found in Pineal gland and what do they secrete?
Presented in Rosettes and secrete melatonin
What 3 cells are found in thyroid and their function?
1) Follicular: Thyroxine
2) Colloid: Large pale as centre of thyroid hormone production
3) C-Cells: Calcitonin
What are the main 3 cell types of the Parathyroid/
1) Chief: Secrete PTH and serum Ca2+ increase
2) Oxyphil
3) Adipocyte
What are the 4 cells found in the Islets of Langerhans?
1) Beta Cells 70% insulin
2) Alpha cells 20% glucagon
3) Delta: Somatostatin 8%
4) PP: Pancreatic Polypeptide 2%
What are the 3 layers of Adrenal Cortex and Secretion
1) ZG: Mineralocorticoids e.g. Aldosterone
2) ZF: Glucocorticoids e.g. Cortisol
3) ZR: Androgens e.g. Testosterone
What type of cell and secretion of adrenal medulla?
Large polyhedral chromaffin cells
Adrenalin and noradrenaline
What hormones are produced by the PPG
Oxytocin and ADH
What lines the pineal gland?
Meninges and calcium
What is a main feature of parathyroid chief cells?
They contain a scanty cytoplasm
Which endocrine organ receives its blood supply via portal circulation?
Anterior Pituitary Gland
GnRH is hormone to secrete portally
