Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Patho III - peds > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

leading cause of death in the first year of life

A

congenital heart defects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

risk fxrs for congenital heart defects

A 
maternal rubella
drugs/alcohol
maternal infection
maternal insulin dependent diabetes
over age 40
use of anti-seizure medications
nutrition
chromosomal abnormalities (down syndrome)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

is congenital heart failure acquired

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

s/s of congenital heart failure

A

poor feeding/sucking

failure to thrive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

defects increasing pulmonary blood flow

A

atrial septal defect (ASD)

ventricle septal defect (VSD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is an atrial septal defect

A

abnormal communication between the atria
blood is shunted from left to right
rt atrial enlargement
hole in atrial septum that separates rt and let atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

dx of atrial septal defect

A 
Systolic murmur heard in the 2nd intercostal space 
SOB
asymptomatic
slender build
can excercise
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

which gender does ASD effect more?

A

girls - twice as much

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is a ventricle septal defect

A

abnormal communication between ventricles
hole in the ventricular muscle wall
“left to right shunt”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what account for symptoms of VSD

A

pulmonary over-circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what happens with small holes in VSD

A

they usually close spontaneously in first 1-2 yr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what happens w/lg holes in VSD

A

require surgical closure in first year of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is atrioventricular canal defect

A

a combo of defects w/malformations of tricuspid and mitral valves
blood moves freely between the 4 chambers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does atrioventricular canal defect occur in conjunction with

A

down syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is patent ductus arteriosis (PDA)

A

a minor vessel connects the aorta to the pulmonary artery
mixes oxygen rich blood with oxygen poor blood
loud, machine like murmur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

if the ductus arteriosis remains open (PDA) what could occur

A

heart failure

17
Q

an obstructive defect

A

coarctation of the aorta

18
Q

what is coarctation of the aorta

A

narrowing of the lumen of the aorta blocking blood flow

19
Q

what position is coartacation of the aorta

A

juxtaductal, but can occur anywhere between aortic arch and bifurcation of the aorta

20
Q

manifestation of coarctation of the aorta

A

narrowing of the vessel or shelf-like obstruction within the aorta

21
Q

effect of coarctation of the aorta

A

high blood pressure in left ventricle (which pumps blood into the aorta) and the part of the aorta between the heart and the blockage (AA-aortic arch)

22
Q

coarctation of aorta in newborns

A

congestive heart failure

once the ductus closes, rapid deterioration; hypotension, acidosis, shock

23
Q

*coarctation of aorta in older child

A

htn in upper extremities
*decreased/absent pulses in lwr extremities
cool, mottled skin
leg cramps w/exercise

24
Q

defects decreasing pulmonary blood flow

A

tetralogy of fallot

25
Q

which 4 defects are represented in tetralogy of fallot

A

VSD
overriding aorta straddles the VSD
pulmonary valve stenosis
right ventricle hypertrophy

26
Q

how is tetralogy of fallot corrected

A

surgically, early in infancy

27
Q

effect of tetralogy of fallot

A

infant can become cyanotic (blue)

because of rt ventricular narrowing its easier for blood to cross the VSD right to left and to to aorta instead of lungs

28
Q

what happens in transposition of the Great Arteries

A

the 2 main arteries (aorta and pulmonary) are connected to the wrong chambers of the heart
unoxygenated blood circulates through body via aorta
oxygenated blood goes to the lungs via the pulmonary artery

29
Q

trt for the great arteries

A

surgery in the first week of life

30
Q

effect of great arteries on infant

A

kept alive by mix of oxy bld from lt atrium w/unoxy bld from rt atrium
possible due to opening in foramen ovale
ductus arteriosis connects aorta and pulmonary artery providing unoxy bld to mix with oxy bld

31
Q

most common kind of heart defect

A

VSD

32
Q

one of the congenital heart defects that can be repaired surgically

A

ASD - atrial septal defect

33
Q

acyanotic defect

A

ASD

34
Q

left to right shunt

A

ASD

VSD

35
Q

rt to left shunt

A

tetralogy of fallot

36
Q

cyanotic defect

A

tetralogy of fallot

37
Q

cardiac defect incompatible with life

A

transposition of the great arteries

cyanotic

38
Q

what is a child at risk for with ASD

A

pulmonary edema?

Patho III - peds (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions